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里弗斯利

里弗斯利
世界遗产
官方名称Australian Fossil Mammal Sites (Riversleigh / Naracoorte)(英文)
Sites fossilifères de mammifères d'Australie (Riversleigh / Naracoorte)(法文)
位置澳大利亚亚洲和太平洋地区
标准 viii, ix
参考编码698
登录年份1994年年(表达式错误:无法识别标点符号“年”。会议
网站UNESCO的记录(英文)

里弗斯利(英语:Riversleigh)是位于澳大利亚昆士兰州西北部格雷戈里河(Gregory River)畔的著名化石点。此地有从渐新世中新世的各种古代哺乳动物、鸟类和爬行动物化石。[1]

里弗斯利的化石都十分稀有,许多淡水中的柔软石灰岩层都完好地保存了下来,而没有被地质运动压扁。[2] 这意味着许多化石都是三维立体的。[3]

自1901年开始有在当地发现化石的记录,[4] 主要发掘活动始于1963年。1973年开始有系统地发掘。[4] 1994年作为波特加姆拉国家公园的延伸部分登陆世界遗产

化石

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化石足迹

里弗斯利的化石主要发现在石灰岩底的池塘和洞穴中,代表着从雨林到半干旱草原的各种生态系统。当地最古老的化石可以追溯到2500万年前。[5] 化石保存程度十分完好,概括了2000万年的哺乳动物进化史。[3] 单独的化石点有超过200个。[4]

此处共发现了三十五具蝙蝠化石,是世界上蝙蝠化石最丰富的地点之一。[3] 这些化石点多位于山洞中。[4]

此外还发现了头骨相当完整的单孔目动物Obdurodon dicksoni,该生物为澳大利亚同类生物的研究打开了一扇窗口。此外袋狼的化石也发现于此地。1993年发现了袋小齿兽[6] 根据此地的研究显示,袋小齿兽可能出现于1500万年前,大部分灭绝于1200万年前,原因可能是气候变化和栖息地丧失。[7]

其他化石还显示了澳大利亚的树袋熊如何从以雨林植物为食改为以桉树叶子为食。[8] 此外也发现了昆虫和植物化石。[4]

参考文献

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  1. ^ Archer M; Hand, Suzanne J. & Godthelp H. [1991] 2000. Australia's lost world: Riversleigh, World Heritage Site. Reed, Sydney.
  2. ^ Anna Salleh. Huge skulls clues to snake evolution. ABC Science (Australian Broadcasting Corporation). 16 February 2006 [5 August 2010]. (原始内容存档于2012-11-11). 
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Australian Fossil Mammal Site - Riversleigh more information. Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities. 15 May 2008 [28 July 2012]. (原始内容存档于2013-09-21). 
  4. ^ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 The Australian Heritage Council. Australia' Fossil Heritage: A Catalogue of Important Australian Fossil Sites. Csiro Publishing. 2012: 43—44 [28 July 2012]. ISBN 0643102302. (原始内容存档于2014-01-15). 
  5. ^ Riversleigh World Heritage Site, Boodjamulla (Lawn Hill) National Park: Nature, culture and history. Department of Environment and Resource Management. 14 December 2011 [28 July 2012]. (原始内容存档于2012-11-28). 
  6. ^ Cave yields marsupial fossil haul. BBC News. 19 July 2010 [5 August 2010]. (原始内容存档于2015-09-25). 
  7. ^ Fossils reveal prehistoric life cycle[失效链接]. Australian Geographic. 20 July 2010.
  8. ^ Dan Gaffney. Loud and lazy but didn't chew gum: Ancient koalas. PhysOrg (PhysOrg.com). 19 December 2009 [5 August 2010]. (原始内容存档于2019-06-30). 

扩展阅读

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  • Archer, M. et al. 1991. Riversleigh: the Story of Australia's Inland Rainforests, (Sydney: Reed Books).

外部链接

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19°04′59″S 138°43′01″E / 19.083°S 138.717°E / -19.083; 138.717

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里弗斯利
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