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过载继电器

标准过载继电器外观,上方旋钮可调整保护负载电流

过载继电器,是做为过热过载电流保护的电控元件,通常装设于接触器后方,并做为防止高功率马达电流过载之用途。

专业用语

过载继电器英文是Thermal Relay又称为Overload relayOver Current Relay,英文代号是TH-RYO‧L,中文又常译作热动继电器、过电流继电器、积热继电器。继电器(英文:Relay)也称为电驿,因此工业用语也常称为过载电驿积热电驿、热继电器。

动作原理

过载继电器利用双金属片作为电动机之过负载保护用,当电动机发生过载时,使串联于主电路的发热元件发热,并使邻近的双金属片(bimetal)受热而弯曲,致使接点被顶开,电动机控制回路因此被切断,而电动机也随之断电,以达到保护之目的,因此与一般继电器功能与使用上有很大不同。

双金属片是指两种不同膨胀系数之金属叠合而成,当电路负载电流超过设定标准时,串联在主电路之电阻产生热量使双金属片受热,膨胀系数较大的金属片伸长较多,而较小的金属片伸长较少,故双金属片即成弯曲状而推动断回路用的接点,并导通警报用回路接点。

使用事项

  • 过载继电器只能作为控制电动机的过载保护,不能作为短路保护。
  • 装设时必须了解保护对象的额定电流,选择规格必须为额定电流的+20%。
  • 通常直接装设于电动机的启动接触器(Magnetic Contactor)之后。
  • 当电流过高或者因负载电流超过设定时,就会启动过载继电器而断回路,虽然可借由重设纽回复通路,但如果装置过载继电器启动时,不可任意调高设定电流,应查明过载原因,否则极易烧毁被保护之装置。

参考书目

  • (繁体中文) 简诏群‧简子杰. 電機自動控制 工業配線實務. 2003年2月. ISBN 986-7856-22-8. </ref>

参照

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过载继电器
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