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通向更远方

Plus ultra 是一句拉丁格言,亦为西班牙国家格言,意为“通向更远方”。这句话从神圣罗马皇帝查尔斯五世暨西班牙国王卡洛斯一世的座右铭所来,而且把原句Non plus ultra(此处之外,再无一物)反了过来。原先的句子,据说是接在直布罗陀海峡海格力斯之柱上,那里曾是旧大陆的已知尽头。在哥伦布发现新大陆后,查尔斯就把现在的版本当作了座右铭,象征着承担的风险与对卓越的追求。

历史

这句格言,是1516年由西班牙国王哈布斯堡的查理的医生兼顾问Luigi Marliano,推荐给当时还很年轻的国王查理。[1][2]此格言反映了Marliano对于使基督帝国跨越旧世界边界的愿景,此时查理又通过西班牙的王权掌握了新世界的地域,并与将收复失地运动跨越直布罗陀带进北非及恢复骑士传统的十字军东征的愿景密切相关。此格言首次记载于布鲁塞尔圣古都勒大教堂里查理五世的御座的靠背上。[2]在法语原文Plus oultre被翻译成拉丁文是出于西班牙人对查理带进西班牙的那些说法语的勃艮第顾问和大臣的敌意。[2]在1520年查理率军凯旋进入布尔戈斯的时候,就设立了一座凯旋门,一边刻着格言Plus ultra,另一边刻上“非洲都会流泪,因为我们有了钥匙(指直布罗陀),必定会成为非洲之主。”[2]Plus oultre在低地国家仍在使用,并且出现在查理五世在格拉纳达的宫殿里。由于查理被选举为神圣罗马皇帝,Plus oultre与Plus ultra在意大利与德国都开始被人使用,以及罕用的德语翻译Noch Weiter。在查理死后,这句格言在西班牙流行依旧。它出现在哈布斯堡王朝的宣传作品之中,用来鼓励西班牙探险者,让他们忽略之前不要走出已知世界的边界之警告,而是越过海格力斯之柱去探索。如今,西班牙国旗和国徽上都有这句格言。

参见

参考资料

  1. ^ Giovio, Paolo. Diálogo delas empresas militares y amorosas, compuesto en lengua italiana. 1658. 
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Ferer, Mary Tiffany. Music and Ceremony at the Court of Charles V. The Boydell Press. 2012 [2020-06-21]. ISBN 9781843836995. (原始内容存档于2018-07-14). 
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通向更远方
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