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追赠

中华民国空军二级上将沈一鸣将军于UH-60M黑鹰直升机坠毁事故因公殉职后被中华民国政府追授一级上将军阶及青天白日勋章

追赠,或作追封追晋追授,即加封死者的官职、勋位、荣誉称号,一般用在因公殉职或者阵亡军人警员公务员等,或特别表扬对政府有贡献的死者。中国古代王朝晋封没有掌权的君主或没有帝号的君主为太上皇的行为,则称为“追尊”,但条件是被追尊者必须过世,否则只能称为遥尊[1] [2] [3]

另一种情况是,后代成为高级官吏或贵族朝廷为表示奖赏,对其祖先加封。[4]或者子孙追尊先人,始于周武王高承《事物纪原》追赠:“自武王克商,追王太王王季,故后代有追谥追尊之典,两汉逮今,人臣亦有追赠之制。”

参考

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  1. ^ 例如,魏文帝曹丕接受汉献帝禅位后,汉昭烈帝刘备下诏遥尊其为孝愍皇帝。
  2. ^ 秦始皇确立帝制以后,第一位被追封的君主是秦昭襄王。(秦始皇追尊其为太上皇)
  3. ^ 后汉书公孙述传:“初,常少、张隆劝述降,不从,并以忧死。帝下诏追赠少为太常,隆为光禄勋,以礼改葬之。”
  4. ^ 白居易《唐故湖州长城县令赠户部侍郎博陵崔府君神道碑铭并序》:“太和五年,迁葬于洛。享年若干,诏赠尚书户部侍郎。夫人陇西李氏,追封岐国夫人,皆从子贵也。”(《白居易集笺校‧卷七十》)

参见

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追赠
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