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谌姆

谌姆, 姓,字晋代女性道教人物。古称以妇道教人的女教师为“姆”,故称,亦称“婴姆”,不知其谱牒籍贯。《太上灵宝净明宗教录》载:谌曾居金陵丹阳郡黄堂,潜心修道。浑然忘却年岁,童颜鹤发,人皆敬她为神仙。

据说道教净明派祖师许逊吴猛闻其有道,远诣丹阳请授大道,谌母遂授二人孝道明王大法[1]、铜符铁卷[2]、金丹宝经[3],谌姆知二人皆在图籍,应为神仙,遂告诉二人玉皇元谱仙籍品秩,并令许逊授道于吴猛。《墉城集仙录》称谌母“密修道法,积数十年,人莫知也,其后吴猛、许逊自高阳(一版本为嵩阳)[4]南游,诣母,请传所得之道,因盟而授之。孝道之法,遂行江表。”。许逊欲每年以礼拜谒谌母,谌母称不必,并取香茅一根南望掷之,随风飘去,谌母令许逊于所居之南数十里认茅落处立一祠,每岁秋一祀即可。语讫,忽有云龙之驾来迎,凌空而去。今新建丰城二县之界的黄堂观,即许逊立祠朝拜谌母之处,也是每年八月三日朝谒谌姆的场所。 [5]

一说兰公传教予谌姆,并通过谌姆授业予许逊。《太平广记》记载:“(兰公)所传孝道之秘法,别有宝经一帙,金丹一合,铜符铁券,得之者唯高明大使许真君焉”[6]

关于谌母真实身份,有一观点认为,综合各类信息,谌母或为茅山宗第一代太师——魏华存,经过唐初的焚毁三皇经文,文字传承过程中出现了信息缺失的情况,胡慧超在整理民间传说时将“存母”写成了“谌母”。[7]

参考资料

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  1. ^ 董沛文. 女丹仙道:道教女子内丹养生修炼秘籍. 北京: 宗教文化出版社. 2012.03: 583—584. ISBN 7-80254-519-6. 
  2. ^ 刘延刚. 陈撄宁与道教文化的现代转型. 成都: 巴蜀书社. 2006.12: 184. ISBN 7-80659-940-1. 
  3. ^ 程宇昌. 明清时期鄱阳湖地区民间信仰与社会变迁. 南昌: 江西人民出版社. 2014.12: 92. ISBN 978-7-210-06624-8. 
  4. ^ 杜光庭. 墉城集仙录. [2019-09-28]. (原始内容存档于2019-09-28). 
  5. ^ 李剑平. 中国神话人物辞典. 西安: 陕西人民出版社. 1998.10: 567. ISBN 7-224-04279-X. 
  6. ^ 李昉. 太平广记. [2019-09-29]. (原始内容存档于2019-09-29). 
  7. ^ 董晨鹏. 西津渡道教研究. 上海: 上海文艺出版社. 2007.03: 111. ISBN 978-7-5321-3139-6. 
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谌姆
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