For faster navigation, this Iframe is preloading the Wikiwand page for 许蕾姆苏丹.

许蕾姆苏丹

许蕾姆苏丹
Hürrem Sultan
خرم سلطان
提香所绘的许蕾姆苏丹画像,约1550年
奥斯曼帝国苏丹后英语Haseki Sultan
在位1533/1534年 – 1558年4月15日
前任无,新头衔
继任努尔巴努苏丹
出生 1502–04年
波兰王国罗加京
逝世1558年4月15日 (约 53–56岁)
奥斯曼帝国伊斯坦堡托卡比皇宫
安葬
配偶苏莱曼一世
子嗣
父亲Havrylo Lisowski[1]
宗教信仰在出生时受洗为东正教徒,后皈依伊斯兰教逊尼派

罗克塞拉娜(Roxelana,1502年—1558年4月15日),土耳其语许蕾姆(Hürrem,意为“高兴者”),阿拉伯语卡里玛(كريمة,意为“尊贵者”),奥斯曼帝国苏丹苏莱曼一世苏丹皇后英语Haseki Sultan

罗克塞拉娜原名已不可考,但在19世纪乌克兰民间传说中,她被称为“安娜斯塔西娅”,波兰传说则称其为“亚历山德拉·利索斯卡”,在其他欧洲语言中通称其为柔克塞拉娜,意为“来自罗塞尼亚的女郎”[2]

柔克塞拉娜出身于一个罗加京(当时属于波兰)附近的一个乌克兰东正教家庭。在一次克里米亚汗国对当地的劫掠中被掠为奴,并被售往伊斯坦堡,因为颇有几分姿色,她被挑选进入苏丹的后宫。很快她就获得了苏莱曼一世的宠爱。在一次后宫的争宠过程中,柔克塞拉娜被苏丹宠妃居尔巴哈尔苏丹殴打,盛怒之下的苏莱曼一世立即将居尔巴哈尔苏丹,连同她的爱子穆斯塔法皇子(当时的王储)一同流放,后又将穆斯塔法处死。

柔克塞拉娜为苏莱曼生了6个孩子,其后更是令人吃惊地成为他的正室。在其影响下,终其一生奥斯曼帝国和其祖国波兰都保持了和平。苏莱曼一世逝世后,柔克塞拉娜的儿子塞利姆二世继承了苏丹宝座。

柔克塞拉娜在伊斯坦堡、耶路撒冷麦加等地修建了大量的公共建筑,著名的有许蕾姆苏丹公共浴场等。

柔克塞拉娜传奇的一生成为许多艺术作品的题材,其中有名的有约瑟夫·海顿的63号交响曲等;在近世将近200年的时间里,她是成为乌克兰土耳其许多小说电视剧的女主角,不过她的一生和成就相对其原生存时代来说仅属于例外[3]

图集

注释

  1. ^ Dr Galina I Yermolenko. Roxolana in European Literature, History and Culturea. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. 2013: 275 [2018-05-27]. ISBN 978-1-409-47611-5. (原始内容存档于2020-10-31). 
  2. ^ 4 Reasons Why Hurrem Sultan and Empress Ki were similar (Part 1). Hyped For History. 2022-09-13 [2022-09-19]. (原始内容存档于2022-09-22) (英语). 
  3. ^ Plokhy, Serhii. 欧洲之门 乌克兰2000年史. 北京: 中信出版社. 2019. ISBN 9787508671185. 

延伸阅读

  • Leslie Peirce. Empress of the East: How a European Slave Girl Became Queen of the Ottoman Empire. New York Basic Books, 2017. ISBN 978-0-465-03251-8.
  • There are many historical novels in English about Roxelana: P.J. Parker's Roxelana and Suleyman [1] (2012; Revised 2016); Barbara Chase Riboud's Valide (1986); Alum Bati's Harem Secrets (2008); Colin Falconer, Aileen Crawley (1981–83), and Louis Gardel (2003); Pawn in Frankincense, the fourth book of the Lymond Chronicles by Dorothy Dunnett; and pulp fiction author Robert E. Howard in The Shadow of the Vulture imagined Roxelana to be sister to its fiery-tempered female protagonist, Red Sonya.
  • David Chataignier, "Roxelane on the French Tragic Stage (1561-1681)" in Fortune and Fatality: Performing the Tragic in Early Modern France, ed. Desmond Hosford and Charles Wrightington (Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2008), 95-117.
  • Thomas M. Prymak, "Roxolana: Wife of Suleiman the Magnificent," Nashe zhyttia/Our Life, LII, 10 (New York, 1995), 15–20. An illustrated popular-style article in English with a bibliography.
  • Zygmunt Abrahamowicz, "Roksolana," Polski Slownik Biograficzny, vo. XXXI (Wroclaw-etc., 1988–89), 543–5. A well-informed article in Polish by a distinguished Polish Turkologist.
  • Galina Yermolenko, "Roxolana: The Greatest Empresse of the East," The Muslim World, 95, 2 (2005), 231–48. Makes good use of European, especially Italian, sources and is familiar with the literature in Ukrainian and Polish.
  • Galina Yermolenko (ed.), Roxolana in European Literature, History and Culture (Farmham, UK: Ashgate, 2010). 318 pp. Illustrated. Contains important articles by Oleksander Halenko and others, as well as several translations of works about Roxelana from various European literatures, and an extensive bibliography.
  • For Ukrainian language novels, see Osyp Nazaruk (1930) (English translation is available),[2] Mykola Lazorsky (1965), Serhii Plachynda (1968), and Pavlo Zahrebelnyi (1980).
  • There have been novels written in other languages: in French, a fictionalized biography by Willy Sperco (1972); in German, a novel by Johannes Tralow (1944, reprinted many times); a very detailed novel in Serbo-Croatian by Radovan Samardzic (1987); one in Turkish by Ulku Cahit (2001).

外部链接

  1. ^ Roxelana and Suleyman. www.facebook.com. [2019-11-26]. (原始内容存档于2017-01-14). 
  2. ^ Nazaruk, Osyp. Roxelana. [2019-11-26]. (原始内容存档于2022-04-02) –通过Amazon. 
{{bottomLinkPreText}} {{bottomLinkText}}
许蕾姆苏丹
Listen to this article

This browser is not supported by Wikiwand :(
Wikiwand requires a browser with modern capabilities in order to provide you with the best reading experience.
Please download and use one of the following browsers:

This article was just edited, click to reload
This article has been deleted on Wikipedia (Why?)

Back to homepage

Please click Add in the dialog above
Please click Allow in the top-left corner,
then click Install Now in the dialog
Please click Open in the download dialog,
then click Install
Please click the "Downloads" icon in the Safari toolbar, open the first download in the list,
then click Install
{{::$root.activation.text}}

Install Wikiwand

Install on Chrome Install on Firefox
Don't forget to rate us

Tell your friends about Wikiwand!

Gmail Facebook Twitter Link

Enjoying Wikiwand?

Tell your friends and spread the love:
Share on Gmail Share on Facebook Share on Twitter Share on Buffer

Our magic isn't perfect

You can help our automatic cover photo selection by reporting an unsuitable photo.

This photo is visually disturbing This photo is not a good choice

Thank you for helping!


Your input will affect cover photo selection, along with input from other users.

X

Get ready for Wikiwand 2.0 🎉! the new version arrives on September 1st! Don't want to wait?