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自由民.
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自由民（英语：freedman，或称freedwoman）是指被从奴役中解放，拥有人身自由、不被别人人身占有的人。奴隶社会中，奴隶获得解放后被称为自由民，他们及其后代通常享有公民权和财产权。历史上，自由民的产生通常源于大范围的废奴主义运动或者由奴隶主自愿放弃拥有权带来的奴隶解放。此概念不同于自行逃跑的逃亡奴隶。
其他含义
香港中文大学政治及行政系副教授周保松认为自由人：①身体、意志、思想和行动不受人任意支配，有独立人格，对生命有感受和追求，各人都是自己主人，不是别人财产或工具；②有理性作出明智判断和选择信仰、信念、事业爱情并赋予生命意义，能对选择负责，非仅由本能支配，能对自我欲望和信念理性评价；③能在道德和政治领域实践反思认可，可使用道德语言与他人论证和对话，有相应意愿去遵从道德要求[1]:24。“人视自身为自由人”在正常社会环境下，各人都能有自由人的能力；“自由人”是人成为“理性的道德能动者”必要条件，我们视培养、发展和保存自由人能力为人的最高利益[1]:25。丧失此种能力就难以活出自己想过之有价值人生[2][3]。
参考文献
- ^ 1.0 1.1 《政治的道德：從自由主義的觀點看》 增订版. 中文大学出版社. 2015.
- ^ John Rawls, A Theory of Justice(Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, revised edition, 1999), pp.xii-xiii.
- ^ John Rawls, Political Liberalism(New York: Columbia University Press, expanded edition, 2005), Lecture VIII, pp.289-371.
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