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九华山 (南京)

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三藏塔,塔下藏有玄奘顶骨舍利
南京九华山公园入口
玄奘取经铜像

位于中国江苏南京境内的九华山俗称小九华山(以区别于安徽九华山),是钟山向西延伸至南京城内的余脉,海拔61米。东为太平门,西为北极阁,北以南京明城墙为界与玄武湖相邻。此山曾是南朝皇家宫苑乐游苑的所在地,因其形状仿佛覆舟,故亦名覆舟山,后因山南有小九华洞而得现名。小九华山以其山顶的三藏塔和玄奘的顶骨舍利埋葬地而著名。山上有旧寺一间,原名青园寺、法轮寺、龙光寺等,南朝宋时元嘉年间(424—453)道生和尚曾来此寺居住、修行,后因主张顽石也有灵性而被逐出南京,并在苏州虎丘“道生说法、顽石点头”。

1942年2月23日,日本人高森隆介在大报恩寺遗址附近修建神社时挖出了玄奘的头骨,日军本想偷运回本国,但消息走漏,迫于舆论压力,只好将其分成数份,其中交给汪精卫政权的一份有一半被其派褚民谊葬在了九华山顶,并且修塔纪念,所用青砖都是汪政府文武职员每人捐助一块集成的。塔式仿西安大雁塔

现为九华山公园,2005年后对旧寺也进行了翻修,更名为玄奘寺。该九华山(小九华山)亦是金陵四十八景之一,景观名称为“九华丹青”。2022年7月,玄奘寺地藏殿内的一排长生牌被曝供奉有田中军吉松井石根谷寿夫野田毅等日军战犯,这些战犯都对南京大屠杀负有责任,有的更直接参与屠杀。之后南京有关方面将玄武区民族宗教事务局局长免职,玄奘寺住持也被撤换,寺庙关门整顿。[1]

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九华山 (南京)
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