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西部马来-波利尼西亚语

西部马来-波利尼西亚语
(地理划分)
地理分布东南亚 马来西亚 印度尼西亚 文莱 菲律宾 中国 越南 柬埔寨)和 马达加斯加
谱系学分类南岛语系
分支
ISO 639-5pqw
Glottolog

西部马来-波利尼西亚语,亦称西部大洋洲南岛语(Hesperonesian languages),是一个并系群分类,包含马来-波利尼西亚语族中不属于中-东部马来-波利尼西亚语族的所有语言。

西部马来-波利尼西亚语族此一分类最初由白乐思提出,作为中-东部马来-波利尼西亚语族的姊妹支系。[1]由于没有其它特征能够正确的定义“西部”这种语族划分,且“西部”只有地理上的关连,到最近这种分类已不再使用。[2][3]

分类系谱

在马来-波利尼西亚语族中的地位

“西部马来-波利尼西亚语族”语言间的关联仍有相当多的讨论空间,仅管有些学者仍将其作为一个确定的“语族”来看待。而白乐思(Blust 1999)中,此一分类仅为包含马来-波利尼西亚语族中不属于中-东部马来-波利尼西亚语族的所有语言。对白乐思而言,若直接进行对“原始西部马来-波利尼西亚语族”的重建,其结果与直接重建“原始马来-波利尼西亚语族”应无任何区别[4]。即便如此,仍有许多对西部马来-波利尼西亚语族的内部分类的提案。

内部分类

为了解决内部语言关系的问题,罗斯 (Ross 1995),放弃了系属分类的想法。他列出了“西部马来-波利尼西亚语”中24个可确立的分类,并以此做为后续研究的起始[5]。阿德拉(Adelaar 2005)重拾此一做法,并得出了23个分类[6]

而上列分类与 Ross (1995) 的不同之处十分重要。例如,菲律宾语群下包含许多次群,如巴丹语群、北菲律宾语群、中菲律宾语群、南菲律宾语群、南民答那峨语群、以及其他位在苏拉威西的语群。

参见

脚注

  1. ^ Blust, Robert. 1980. Austronesian Etymologies. Oceanic Linguistics 19, pp. 1-189
  2. ^ K. Alexander Adelaar & Nikolaus Himmelmann. 2005. The Austronesian languages of Asia and Madagascar: A historical perspective, pp. 1-42, London, Routledge ISBN 0-7007-1286-0
  3. ^ Smith, Alexander D. The Western Malayo-Polynesian Problem. Oceanic Linguistics. 2017, 56 (2): 435–490. doi:10.1353/ol.2017.0021. 
  4. ^ Adelaar, 2005, p. 14.
  5. ^ Adelaar, 2005, p. 15.
  6. ^ Adelaar, 2005, pp. 15-16.

参考文献

  • Fay Wouk and Malcolm Ross (ed.), The history and typology of western Austronesian voice systems. Australian National University. 2002.
  • Adelaar, Alexander, The Austronesian Languages of Asia and Madagascar: A Historical Perspective, The Austronesian Languages of Asia and Madagascar, pp. 1-42, Routledge Language Family Series, Londres: Routledge, 2005. ISBN 0-7007-1286-0
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西部马来-波利尼西亚语
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