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茎环

此条目已列出参考文献,但因为没有文内引注而使来源仍然不明。 (2021年4月14日)请加上合适的文内引注来改善这篇条目
一个形成于RNA的茎环。

茎环(英语:Stem-loop,或译主干-循环)指一种分子内碱基配对方式,与因此形成的结构,可发生于单股DNA,但在RNA分子中较为常见。当形成的循环较小时,也称为发夹hairpin)或发夹环

此种结构会在某些条件下产生,通常是因为同一分子内的两个区域的核苷酸排列具有回文现象,这会使两段序列因为碱基的配对而形成一个状似棒棒糖的双螺旋结构,使RNA产生核酸二级结构

图解

一个如此的回文序列:

---CCTGCXXXXXXXGCAGG---

可产生如此的茎环结构:

---C G---
   C G
   T A
   G C
   C G
   X X
  X   X
   X X
    X

除上图之外,类似下图(两个分离的回文序列)的序列也能形成茎环:

---GCCGCGGGCCG'AAAAAACCCCCC'CGGCCCGCGGC---

参考文献

  • Watson JD, Baker TA, Bell SP, Gann A, Levine M, Losick R. (2004). Molecular Biology of the Gene. 5th ed. Pearson Benjamin Cummings: CSHL Press. See esp. ch. 6.

外部链接

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茎环
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