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蕾丝

蕾丝花边图样
Square "Sampler," 1800-1825, 布鲁克林博物馆
不知名的荷兰画家,《女人肖像》,17世纪 亚美尼亚国家美术馆

蕾丝花边(英语:lace)是一种以繁复精致的,镂空花纹为特点的纺织品,由线制成,呈网状。[1]以纱线相互打结、交错、撚绕,而形成具有空花的布料,主要用于衣物的装饰。有蕾丝风格的织品起源很古老,但真正的蕾丝花边直到15世纪末才真正出现,刚开始是用来装饰教会祭坛,因此成为修道院中的手工艺而开始发展,经手的设计精致非凡,之后这样的技术流传至民间。在15世纪末至16世纪初的意大利大量生产了以装饰衣物为目的的蕾丝,不过在当时依然是圣职者、王公贵族等一部分特权阶级才能穿戴的奢侈品,在导入法国后成为主要产地,并受到细致设计极受欢迎的洛可可风格的影响下,无论是技术方面还是样式种类都进入了最盛期。 16世纪起在西欧广泛流行,并逐渐传遍世界。

早期一般使用金线银线亚麻布丝绸尼龙制作,现在花边多为棉线制,虽然亚麻布和丝线仍然是可用的,人造花边可用合成纤维制成。一些现代艺术家用细铜丝或银丝代替线来制作花边。大致分为手织、机器织物这两种,但依使用的技法不同又可往下细分,而且在现今欧洲仍旧残留不少因时代、地点而各有特色的图案与名称。

词源

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蕾丝这个词来自中古英语,来自古法语las, noose, string,亦来自通俗拉丁语*laceum,来自拉丁语laqueus, noose;引诱,诱捕可能或诱捕相似(probably akin to lacere, to entice or ensnare)。[1]

参考资料

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  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 Lace. The Free Dictionary. [23 May 2012]. (原始内容存档于2019-05-20). 
  • Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition. 1911.

外部链接

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维基共享资源上的相关多媒体资源:蕾丝

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蕾丝
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