For faster navigation, this Iframe is preloading the Wikiwand page for 木芙蓉.

木芙蓉

木芙蓉
科学分类 编辑
界: 植物界 Plantae
演化支 维管植物 Tracheophyta
演化支 被子植物 Angiosperms
演化支 真双子叶植物 Eudicots
演化支 蔷薇类植物 Rosids
目: 锦葵目 Malvales
科: 锦葵科 Malvaceae
属: 木槿属 Hibiscus
组: 美丽芙蓉组 H. sect. Venusti
种:
木芙蓉 H. mutabilis
二名法
Hibiscus mutabilis
L., 1753
异名[1]
异名
  • Abelmoschus mutabilis
    (L.) Wall. ex Hassk., 1844
  • Abelmoschus venustus
    Walp., 1842
  • Hibiscus immutabilis
    Dehnh. ex Walp., 1842
  • Hibiscus immutabilis
    Dehnh., 1836
  • Hibiscus javanicus
    Weinm., 1828
  • Hibiscus malvarosa
    Noronha, 1790
  • Hibiscus mutabilis f. plenus
    S. Y. Hu, 1955
  • Hibiscus sinensis
    Mill., 1768
  • Ketmia mutabilis
    (L.) Moench, 1794

木芙蓉学名Hibiscus mutabilis),通常被称作芙蓉,是一种原产于中国的植物。[2]

形态

[编辑]

木芙蓉为落叶灌木或小乔木,高1~3m。枝条较密并生有星状毛。叶为互生,呈阔卵圆形或圆卵形,掌状3~5浅裂,先端尖或渐尖,两面有星状绒毛。木芙蓉花朵较大,单生于枝端叶腋,有红、粉红、白等色,与山芙蓉有单瓣或重瓣之分(木芙蓉为重瓣),花期为8~10月。蒴果扁球形、10~11月成熟。

每天随着时间变化而改变颜色的木芙蓉

分布

[编辑]

生于山坡、路旁或水边砂质壤土上。[2]

原产中国,在长江流域及其以南都有栽培,在湖南四川两省较为常见。湖南境内因广植木芙蓉而被称为“芙蓉国”。木芙蓉在成都一带也十分常见,因此成都又称“蓉城”,而木芙蓉也是成都市的市花

现时木芙蓉在地球除南极洲外各大洲陆地皆可见。

品种

[编辑]
  • 白芙蓉
  • 粉芙蓉
  • 红芙蓉
  • 黄芙蓉
  • 醉芙蓉:又名“三醉芙蓉”,花色一日三变:清晨为白色,中午为桃红色,傍晚为深红色。为稀有的名贵品种

药用价值

[编辑]

中药学中,木芙蓉常用药用部位包括花、叶和根,三者的中药名分别为芙蓉花、芙蓉叶和芙蓉根。[2]叶和根主要有抗炎及抑菌的功效。[2]

芙蓉花主治肺热咳嗽,吐血,目赤肿痛,崩漏,白带,腹泻,腹痛,痈肿,疮疖,毒蛇咬伤,水火烫伤和跌打损伤。[2]芙蓉叶主治肺热咳嗽,目赤肿痛,痈疽肿毒,恶疮,缠身蛇丹,脓疱疮,肾盂肾炎,水火烫伤,毒蛇咬伤,跌打损伤。[2]芙蓉根主治痈肿初起,目赤肿痛,咳喘,赤白痢疾。[2]

成分

[编辑]

木芙蓉花含黄酮苷,如异槲皮苷英语isoquercitrin(isoquercitrin),金丝桃苷英语hyperoside(hyperoside),芸香苷(rutin);另含三十四烷醇英语tetratriacontanol(tetratriacontanol),白桦脂酸(betulinic acid)等。[2]

木芙蓉叶则含延胡索酸(fumaric acid)、芸香苷(rutin)、大黄素(emodin)、β-谷甾醇英语β-sitosterol(β-sitosterol)等。[2]

参考文献

[编辑]
  1. ^ Hibiscus mutabilis L.. In: The Plant List (2013). Version 1.1. Published on the Internet; http://www.theplantlist.org/ [2018-1-13].
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 木芙蓉 Mufurong. 香港浸会大学中医药学院. [2024-03-08]. 

延伸阅读

[编辑]

[在维基数据]

维基文库中的相关文本:钦定古今图书集成·博物汇编·草木典·芙蓉部》,出自陈梦雷古今图书集成
维基文库中的相关文本:植物名实图考·木芙蓉》,出自吴其濬《植物名实图考》

外部链接

[编辑]
{{bottomLinkPreText}} {{bottomLinkText}}
木芙蓉
Listen to this article

This browser is not supported by Wikiwand :(
Wikiwand requires a browser with modern capabilities in order to provide you with the best reading experience.
Please download and use one of the following browsers:

This article was just edited, click to reload
This article has been deleted on Wikipedia (Why?)

Back to homepage

Please click Add in the dialog above
Please click Allow in the top-left corner,
then click Install Now in the dialog
Please click Open in the download dialog,
then click Install
Please click the "Downloads" icon in the Safari toolbar, open the first download in the list,
then click Install
{{::$root.activation.text}}

Install Wikiwand

Install on Chrome Install on Firefox
Don't forget to rate us

Tell your friends about Wikiwand!

Gmail Facebook Twitter Link

Enjoying Wikiwand?

Tell your friends and spread the love:
Share on Gmail Share on Facebook Share on Twitter Share on Buffer

Our magic isn't perfect

You can help our automatic cover photo selection by reporting an unsuitable photo.

This photo is visually disturbing This photo is not a good choice

Thank you for helping!


Your input will affect cover photo selection, along with input from other users.

X

Get ready for Wikiwand 2.0 🎉! the new version arrives on September 1st! Don't want to wait?