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艾登堡鱼母

艾登堡鱼母
化石时期:晚泥盆纪 380 Ma
艾登堡鱼母的立体模型
科学分类 编辑
界: 动物界 Animalia
门: 脊索动物门 Chordata
纲: 盾皮鱼纲 Placodermi
目: 褶齿鱼目 Ptyctodontida
科: 褶齿鱼科 Ptyctodontidae
属: 母亲鱼属 Materpiscis
种:
艾登堡鱼母 M. attenboroughi
二名法
Materpiscis attenboroughi
Long et al. 2008

艾登堡鱼母Materpiscis attenboroughi)是盾皮鱼的一种,在西澳泥盆纪晚期(约3亿8000万年前)的地层发现。牠只有一个标本,当中有未出生的胚胎,且有明显的胎盆结构。艾登堡鱼母是最古老的胎生脊椎动物

艾登堡鱼母于2005年在西澳洲州发现。这个化石被保存在石灰岩中,故是以乙酸来溶解化石周边的石灰岩。[1]

艾登堡鱼母的尾巴切面发现了部分骨化了的幼体及已矿物化的脐带[2]牠被命名为艾登堡鱼母,是为纪念大卫·艾登堡(David Attenborough),他是第一位于1979年就在其电视节目中留意这个化石的发现位点。[3]

艾登堡鱼母约有25-30厘米长,有强壮的牙齿可以磨碎猎物,牠可能是吃有硬壳的无脊椎动物,如珊瑚[4]

褶齿鱼目是唯一两性异形的盾皮鱼,雄性有抱住雌性的器官,雌性则有平滑的臀鳍座。学者一直认为牠们是体内受精的,但艾登堡鱼母及Austroptyctodus的发现则证明了这可能是正确的。

参考

[编辑]
  1. ^ YouTube上的Dr John Long describes the discovery of the Materpiscis
  2. ^ Long, J. A.; Trinajstic, K.; Young, G. C.; Senden, T. Live birth in the Devonian period. Nature. 2008, 453 (7195): 650–652. doi:10.1038/nature06966. 
  3. ^ BBC News: Fossil reveals oldest live birth. [2008-06-02]. (原始内容存档于2009-02-28). 
  4. ^ Museum Victoria links and videos describing Materpiscis 互联网档案馆存档,存档日期2008-08-22.
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艾登堡鱼母
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