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艾森斯坦级数

数学中,艾森斯坦级数是一类可直接表成级数模形式,由费迪南·艾森斯坦首创。对于一般的约化群罗伯特·朗兰兹也发展了相应的理论。

模群的艾森斯坦级数

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固定整数 。对上半平面上的复数 ,定义艾森斯坦级数

此级数是上半平面上的全纯函数,此外它更是模群 的权 模形式。换言之,若 满足 ,则

递回关系

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模形式理论中的一个基本事实是:模群 的模形式俱可表为 多项式。作为特例,以下说明如何将艾森斯坦级数递回地表成 的多项式。

,遂有下述关系式:

在此 二项式系数

函数 可以表示魏尔斯特拉斯 函数:

傅立叶展开

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。由于艾森斯坦级数是模群的模形式,故有傅立叶展开式

其中的傅立叶系数

此处的 伯努利数黎曼ζ函数,而 的正因数 次幂和。

,对 之和亦可化成兰伯特级数

有时也会考虑常数项等于一的艾森斯坦级数:

拉马努金公式

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拉马努金给出了许多有趣的艾森斯坦级数关系式:定义

则有

文献

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  • Naum Illyich Akhiezer, Elements of the Theory of Elliptic Functions, (1970) Moscow, translated into English as AMS Translations of Mathematical Monographs Volume 79 (1990) AMS, Rhode Island ISBN 0-8218-4532-2
  • Tom M. Apostol, Modular Functions and Dirichlet Series in Number Theory, Second Edition (1990), Springer, New York ISBN 0-387-97127-0
  • Henryk Iwaniec, Spectral Methods of Automorphic Forms, Second Edition, (2002) (Volume 53 in Graduate Studies in Mathematics), America Mathematical Society, Providence, RI ISBN 0-8218-3160-7 (See chapter 3)
  • Jean-Pierre Serre, A course in arithmetic. Translated from the French. Graduate Texts in Mathematics, No. 7. Springer-Verlag, New York-Heidelberg, 1973.
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艾森斯坦级数
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