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自洽场方法

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自洽场方法self-consistent field method, SCF)是量子力学迭代求解多粒子系统薛定谔方程的基本方法。其基本思想是首先按照某种方法给出波函数的一个估计,然后利用这个估计来计算电子密度,再通过电子密度来得到哈密顿量中与粒子间相互作用有关的项,再进行薛定谔方程的求解得到一组改进的估计。很多情况下,自洽场方法一词也用于直接指代哈特里-福克方法

例子

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哈特里-福克方法中,上述步骤具体表现为:

  1. 给出波函数的估计 → 给出分子轨道中基函数线性组合系数的一个估计
  2. 用估计来计算电子密度 → 计算密度矩阵
  3. 计算相互作用项 → 计算福克矩阵元
  4. 得到改进的估计 → 对角化福克矩阵得到其本征矢,作为新的基函数线性组合系数的估计。

种类

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参考文献

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Ira N. Levine. Quantum Chemistry. Prentice Hall. 2004-11. 

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自洽场方法
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