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腹腔镜手术.
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腹腔镜手术（Laparoscopy）是由德国医师George Kelling在1901年发明的手术，是由小的切口（约0.5至1.5公分）配合摄影机，在腹部或骨盆进行的治疗。腹腔镜会在腹部小伤口，可以进行诊断或是治疗[1]。
腹腔镜手术也称为微创手术（MIS），是新的外科手术方式。相较于传统的手术方式，腹腔镜手术对病人有许多好处：因为伤口较小，病人比较不会疼痛，出血较少，也比较快复原。腹腔镜手术的关键器材是腹腔镜（laparoscope），是长的光纤，可以透过光纤观看需诊断或是治疗的部位。
腹腔镜手术包括在腹部或是骨盆腔的手术，若是在胸腔上开口进行的类似手术会称为胸腔镜手术（thoracoscopic surgery）。腹腔镜手术中可以使用的特制工具有镊子、剪刀、探针、剥离器、定位针及牵引器。腹腔镜及胸腔镜手术都属于内视镜手术的一种。
中国大陆的发展
1981年，腹腔镜手术开始在中国大陆发展[2]。2021年6月，由人间世制作团队创作的中华人民共和国首部腹腔镜手术纪录片《小孔之光》在上海广播电视台纪实人文频道播出，共三集[3][4]。
相关条目
- 关节镜
- 剖腹手术，传统的腹部手术
- 经皮椎体成形术
- 微创手术
- 自然孔道经脐内视镜手术（NOTES）
- 单一切口腹腔镜手术
外部链接
消化系统外科手术（ICD-9-CM V3 42–54, ICD-10-PCS 0D） |
|---|
| | 消化道 | | 上消化道 | | 唾腺、食道 |
- Esophagectomy
- Heller myotomy
- Sialography
- Impedance–pH monitoring
- Esophageal pH monitoring
- Esophageal motility study
|
|---|
| | 胃 |
- 代谢手术
- Adjustable gastric band
- Endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty
- 胃绕道手术
- Sleeve gastrectomy
- Vertical banded gastroplasty surgery
- Collis gastroplasty
- 胃切除术
- Billroth I
- Billroth II
- Roux-en-Y
- Gastroenterostomy
- Gastropexy
- Gastrostomy
- Esophagogastric dissociation
- Hill repair
- Nissen fundoplication
- Pyloromyotomy
|
|---|
| | 医学影像 | |
|---|
|
|---|
| | 下消化道 | | 小肠 |
- 代谢手术
- Duodenal switch
- Jejunoileal bypass
- Bowel resection
- Ileostomy
- Intestine transplantation
- Jejunostomy
- Partial ileal bypass surgery
- Strictureplasty
|
|---|
| | 大肠 |
- 阑尾切除术
- Colectomy
- Colonic polypectomy
- Colostomy
- Hartmann's operation
|
|---|
| | 直肠 |
- Abdominoperineal resection / Miles operation
- Lower anterior resection
- Total mesorectal excision
|
|---|
| | 肛管 |
- Anal sphincterotomy
- Anorectal manometry
- Lateral internal sphincterotomy
- Rubber band ligation
- Transanal hemorrhoidal dearterialization
|
|---|
| | 医学影像 |
- 内视镜：大肠镜
- Anoscopy
- Capsule endoscopy
- Enteroscopy
- Proctoscopy
- Sigmoidoscopy
- Abdominal ultrasonography
- Defecography
- Double-contrast barium enema
- Endoanal ultrasound
- Enteroclysis
- 下消化道钡剂灌肠造影
- Small-bowel follow-through
- Transrectal ultrasonography
- Virtual colonoscopy
|
|---|
| | 粪便检查 |
- Fecal fat test
- Fecal pH test
- Stool guaiac test
|
|---|
|
|---|
|
|---|
| | 附属脏器 | | 肝脏 |
- Artificial extracorporeal liver support
- Bioartificial liver devices
- Liver dialysis
- 肝切除术
- Liver biopsy
- Liver transplantation
- 门脉高压
|
|---|
| | 胆囊、胆管 |
- Cholecystectomy
- Cholecystostomy
- 内镜逆行胰胆管造影
- Hepatoportoenterostomy
- 医学影像：胆管镜
- Cholecystography
- Cholescintigraphy
|
|---|
| | 胰脏 |
- Frey's procedure
- Pancreas transplantation
- Pancreatectomy
- Pancreaticoduodenectomy
- Puestow procedure
|
|---|
|
|---|
| | 腹骨盆腔 | | 腹膜 |
- Diagnostic peritoneal lavage
- Intraperitoneal injection
- 腹腔镜手术
- Omentopexy
- Paracentesis
- 腹膜透析
|
|---|
| | 疝 | |
|---|
|
|---|
| | 其他手术 |
- 剖腹手术
- Rapid urease test / Urea breath test
|
|---|
| | CPRs | |
|---|
|
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