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胎生

高山早熟禾(Poa alpina)表现出植物的胎生现象,种子未脱离母株就已经萌发。

胎生(英语:Viviparity;拉丁语:Viviparious,词根来自vivus生命[1])可用来形容一些动物植物的繁衍方式,但两者的定义并不直接相关。包括人类在内的哺乳动物一般为胎生。

概论

动物来说,胎生是指受精卵母体子宫内发育为胎儿并从母体中出生。胚胎通过诸如卵黄囊胎盘等结构自母体获得营养,直至出生时为止。大部分哺乳类动物如等为胎生,单孔目针鼹鸭嘴兽则为卵生。蓝鲸是世界上最大的胎生动物。有一些毒蛇(如蝮蛇海蛇)介于卵生和胎生之间,发育期间营养则由蛋黄提供,被称为卵胎生

植物来说,则是指种子成熟后还未脱离母株即在子房果实)内发芽的现象,芽苗生长到一定程度后才脱离母株。和动物胎生不同的是,这里的种子并不靠母株供给营养,而是以种子内胚乳所储藏的营养来发育。

文化

佛教也有胎生的说法,认为是四种出生方式即四生之一,包括胎生卵生湿生化生。佛教的胎生和生物学上的定义基本相同。

参见

参考资料

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=viviparity页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆

注释

  1. ^ [(英文)词源词典. [2018-09-17]. (原始内容存档于2021-02-13).  (英文)词源词典]
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胎生
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