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胃灼热

胃灼热
Heartburn
同义词pyrosis,[1] cardialgia
类型胸痛burning sensation[*]疼痛
分类和外部资源
医学专科Gastroenterology
ICD-11MD95
ICD-10R12
ICD-9-CM787.1
MedlinePlus003114
MeSHD006356
[编辑此条目的维基数据]

胃灼热(英语:heartburn),亦称为"酸消化不良"(acid indigestion)[2] 是指在中胸部、上中腹部(epigastrium)或胸骨后所产生的灼热感。[3][4][5]疼痛往往源于胸部且可放射到颈部,喉部,或下颌角,进食、晚上或躺下或弯腰时,疼痛通常会加重。

胃灼热通常是由于胃酸及食物返流(胃反流)进入食管而且是胃食管反流疾病(GERD)的主要症状,GERD会损坏食道,也可能导致巴瑞特氏 (Barretts) 食道,这是一种可导致癌症的细胞变化。[6]约有 0.6% 的案例是属于冠状动脉疾病的症状。[7]

定义

消化不良这个术语指包括胃灼热及许多其他的症状。[8] 消化不良有时被定义为心口痛与胃灼热的复合症状。[9]胃灼热通常可与胃食管反流病交互使用表示同一症状,而不是仅仅在描述一个人的胸部灼热症状。[10]

危险因子

  • 肥胖
  • 吸烟
  • 使用酒精
  • 进食后立即进行剧烈运动
  • 进食后躺下、弯腰或劳累
  • 怀孕
  • 之前进行的胃灼热手术
  • 糖尿病
  • 硬皮病
  • 某些神经系统疾病
  • 鼻胃管留置

症状

胃灼热症状常发生于暴食后,或饱餐后躺下时。症状可持续数分钟或数小时。

常见症状包括:

  • 烧灼感,从下胸部开始,一直往上蔓延到咽喉 — 最常见症状
  • 逆流 — 感觉食物回流
  • 咽喉感觉有酸味或苦味
  • 打嗝
  • 胀气

重复的定期发作可能导致其他症状,例如:

鉴别诊断

心脏

GERD

功能性胃灼热

诊断方法

GI鸡尾酒

生化

机械

药物治疗

药物可能有助于缓解症状。有些还可以帮助修复损坏。它们可以治疗已经开始的胃灼热,或者可以帮助阻止开始的胃灼热。可以从柜台购买许多胃灼热药,例如:

手术

严重的胃灼热或对治疗无反应的胃灼热可能需要手术。

治疗

流行病学

大约42%的美国人口在人生的某些时间点上会患有胃灼热。[11]

注释

  1. ^ Pyrosis definition - MedicineNet - Health and Medical Information Produced by Doctors. MedicineNet. [19 November 2015]. (原始内容存档于2014-01-23). 
  2. ^ Gastroesophageal Reflux (GER) and Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) in Adults. The National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. [2015-07-24]. (原始内容存档于2015-07-25). 
  3. ^ 道兰氏医学词典中的heartburn
  4. ^ Differential diagnosis in primary care. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 2008: 211. ISBN 0-7817-6812-8. 
  5. ^ Pyrosis Medical Definition - Merriam-Webster Medical Dictionary. merriam-webster.com. [24 July 2015]. (原始内容存档于2015-07-25). 
  6. ^ Heartburn. National Library of Medicine. [2015-07-24]. (原始内容存档于2016-03-12). 
  7. ^ Kato H, Ishii T, Akimoto T, Urita Y, Sugimoto M. Prevalence of linked angina and gastroesophageal reflux disease in general practice. World J. Gastroenterol. April 2009, 15 (14): 1764–8. PMC 2668783可免费查阅. PMID 19360921. doi:10.3748/wjg.15.1764. 
  8. ^ Duvnjak, edited by Marko. Dyspepsia in clinical practice 1. Aufl. New York: Springer. 2011: 2 [2016-08-25]. ISBN 9781441917300. (原始内容存档于2020-04-13). 
  9. ^ Delaney B, Ford AC, Forman D, Moayyedi P, Qume M. Delaney, Brendan , 编. Initial management strategies for dyspepsia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2005, (4): CD001961. PMID 16235292. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD001961.pub2. 
  10. ^ Sajatovic, Martha; Loue, Sana; Koroukian, Siran M. Encyclopedia of aging and public health. Berlin: Springer. 2008: 419. ISBN 0-387-33753-9. 
  11. ^ Kushner PR. Role of the primary care provider in the diagnosis and management of heartburn. Curr Med Res Opin. April 2010, 26 (4): 759–65. PMID 20095795. doi:10.1185/03007990903553812. 

参见

外部链接

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胃灼热
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