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义庄

香港东华义庄
日本横滨中华义庄日语中華義荘

义庄是一种由宗族维护的民间慈善机构,最早为范仲淹在苏州设立的范氏义庄,开创中国民间慈善事业的典范。[1] 举凡扶幼、养老、婚嫁、丧葬、济贫、救灾、助学,义庄皆在其中发挥作用。[2]

其后,义庄组织在江南地区盛行,特别是在明清时代在台湾香港蓬勃发展。早期离乡在外的游子大都希望死后能够返乡安葬,义庄就提供一处暂时摆放棺木的地方。也有些客死异乡的人,遗体因无人认领而安置在义庄,等待善心人士捐棺助葬。[3]

参考来源

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  1. ^ 张军. 範氏義莊作為慈善機構何以運轉800余年. 和讯网. 2013-08-06 [2014-11-23]. (原始内容存档于2014-11-29). 范仲淹所创办的范氏义庄开创了中国非宗教非政府的民间慈善事业的先河…… 
  2. ^ 清代民间慈善事业. 江苏省财政厅. 2014-09-29 [2014-11-23]. (原始内容存档于2014-11-29). 宋代范氏义庄在清代特别是江南地区产生了深远的影响,当时的世家大族效法范氏义庄,纷纷设立义庄。“对同族贫困者进行救助是义庄宣称的建庄原则”。 
  3. ^ 唐力行. 商人與中國近世社會. 台湾商务印书馆. 1997: 199. ISBN 9570513993. 共捐银万数千绪,宜田千余亩,岁收入于季春孟冬之月,给其族之颊连无告者,助丧助葬,立法于范氏义庄。 

参考文献

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义庄
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