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义田.
[1]义田是指中国古代士绅为赡养族人所置的田产。属于族田之一。
义田一辞最早源自《越绝书》:“富中大塘者,勾践治以为义田;为肥饶,谓之富中 。”[2]恽敬《沙陇胡氏学田记》:“后世君子私田之公于族者曰义田,义田之给于士者曰学田。”
宋朝宗族观念日强,官宦士绅多喜置义田,使族人能养生送死,能男婚女嫁,范仲淹即广置义田,钱公辅《义田记》称:“范文正公方贵显时,置负郭常稔之田千亩,号曰义田,以养济群族之人。”还有休宁东阁许文蔚买田百亩,作为义庄。元代黟县人黄真元曾购买六百三十余亩,供黄村黄氏宗祠为祭田或义田[3]。明代有祁门胡天禄、胡征献购田三百三十亩,以提供胡氏宗祠所用[4]。Q:不对欸我怎么在打字我不是要查资料吗?为什么我在打字有谁知道吗?知道得快跟我说为什么 A:因为你在打字[5]
- 田尚权:《中国近代社会经济史研究——义田地主和生产关系》(北京:中国社会科学出版社,1997)。
- 清水盛光着,宋念慈译:《中国族产制度考》(台北:中华文化出版事业委员会,1956)。
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