绿背党
绿背党 | |
|---|---|
| 成立 | 1874年 |
| 解散 | 1889年 |
| 继承者 | 人民党（“民粹主义”） |
| 意识形态 | 社会民主主义 左翼民粹主义 进步主义 货币改革 劳工权益 农业主义 反垄断 |
| 政治立场 | 中间偏左 |
绿背党（英语：Greenback Party），亦称独立党（英语：Independent Party）、国家独立党（英语：National Independent Party）和绿背劳动党（英语：Greenback Labor Party），是美国的一个活跃于1874年至1889年的反垄断主义政党。该党曾参加过1876年、1880年和1884年的总统选举。
绿背党的命名来源于美国在南北战争期间发行的“绿钞”。[1]该党反对通货紧缩，支持通货膨胀。由于他们的政策能降低债务人的偿债代价，减少了农民的负担。绿背党得到了美国东部多个城市的劳工、债务人和农民的支持。[2]除此之外，绿背党还支持八小时工作制，要求工厂设立安全规定并禁止雇佣童工[3]。
1889年，绿背党正式解散，该党解散后，新成立的人民党（People's Party）崛起，成为新的左翼第三党。
参见
参考文献
- ^ Kleppner. The Greenback and Prohibition Parties. : 1553.
- ^ Lause, Mark A. The Civil War's Last Campaign: James B. Weaver, the Greenback-Labor Party & the Politics of Race and Section. Lanham, Maryland: University Press of America. 2001: 28. ISBN 0-7618-1917-7.
- ^ Clancy, Herbert J. The Presidential Election of 1880. Chicago, Illinois: Loyola University Press. 1958: 163–164. ISBN 978-1-258-19190-0.
扩展阅读
- Barrett, Don C. The Greenbacks and Resumption of Specie Payments, 1862-1879. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. 1931.
- Campbell, Alexander. The True Greenback: Or the Way to Pay the National Debt Without Taxes, and Emancipate Labor. Chicago. 1868.
- Cooper, Peter. The Nomination to the Presidency of Peter Cooper and his Address to the Indianapolis Convention of the National Independent Party. New York: Peter Cooper/Trow's Printing and Bookbinding. 1876.
- Mitchell, Wesley Clair. A History of the Greenbacks: With Special Reference to the Economic Consequences of Their Issue, 1862-65. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. 1903.
- Mitchell, Wesley Clair. Gold, Prices, and Wages under the Greenback Standard. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. 1908.
- Ritter, Gretchen. Goldbugs and Greenbacks: The Antimonopoly Tradition and the Politics of Finance in America. New York: Cambridge University Press. 1997.
- Usher, Ellis B. The Greenback Movement of 1875-1884 and Wisconsin's Part In It. Milwaukee: E. B. Usher. 1911 [2013-09-25].
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