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统计功效

“Statistical power”的各地常用译名
中国大陆统计功效、检验功效
台湾统计检定力、统计考验力[1]、检定力[2]
港澳统计功效、统计检定力
日本検出力
韩国檢定力

统计功效(英语:statistical power),或称检验功效power of a test),是指假设检验中,当备择假设,或记作)为真时正确地拒绝零假设)的概率,即

换言之,统计功效也可以看作是当备择假设为真时将其接受的概率。当功效增加时,第二类错误出现的概率(即伪阴性率β)减少。此时,功效可以表示为(1-β)。

真实情况
(零假设)为真 (备择假设)为真
根据研究结果的判断 拒绝 错误判断
弃真第一类错误
发生概率α(显著性水平
正确判断
发生概率1-β(统计功效
不拒绝 正确判断 错误判断
存伪第二类错误
发生概率β

在给定的显著性水平下,功效分析可以用于计算给定效应值时所需的最小样本数;相反地,功效分析也可以用来计算给定样本数时所能检验到的最小效应值。

参见

参考文献

  1. ^ statistical power - 統計考驗力、統計檢定力. 国家教育研究院双语词汇 (中文(台湾)). 
  2. ^ power of a test - 檢定力. 国家教育研究院双语词汇 (中文(台湾)). 
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统计功效
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