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红色森林

红色森林
Рудий ліс

Рыжий лес
冬季的红色森林
地图
红色森林的位置
红色森林的位置
红色森林的位置
红色森林的位置
地理
位置 乌克兰切尔诺贝利隔离区
坐标51°22′48″N 30°02′57″E / 51.38011°N 30.04908°E / 51.38011; 30.04908
管理
状态国家管控,限制访问
游客量仅经许可
管理者乌克兰国家隔离区管理机构
生态
干扰大量放射性污染

红色森林乌克兰语Рудий ліс,俄语:Рыжий лес),是指乌克兰切尔诺贝利核电站方圆十公里内的树林。它现被画为禁止进入地段,历经多次的铲土除污,仍为世界上污染最严重的地区之一[1],不过辐射已经大大下降。

成因

1986年4月,切尔诺贝利核事故中,4号反应堆对当地土壤、水体和大气的辐射污染相当于广岛与长崎原子弹爆炸的20倍。当中高剂量的直接辐射和其后的放射性落下灰严重污染区域内的树林,这片松树树林因吸收了过量的放射线导致死亡,并呈棕红颜色[2],外界皆称该区域为“红色森林”。

灾后处理

人们已经撤离红森林区域,大部分受污染的林木被推土机铲平后埋在壕沟内[3],然后在上面铺上厚厚的沙子,并重植松树树苗。[4]但许多人担心,随着被埋的树木腐烂分解,辐射会渗入地下水。

生态现况

随着人类自1986年撤离该地区,尽管大大受到事故带来的核辐射影响,红色森林内的动植物逐步恢复其生物多样性。[5] 有报导指出区域内现增加了一些矮小的植物。野猪的数目亦在1986至1988年之间增长了八倍。[2]当前生态状况基本恢复到有生物定居繁衍的状态,虽然短期内还不适合人类长居,但针对这些生物的研究还在进行中。

人类活动

在2022年2月俄罗斯入侵乌克兰时,据报有俄军车辆进入红色森林,将其用作护航的路线,因而扬起了森林中的辐射尘云状物。当地工人报告称,俄军驶进红色森林时并无穿着防护服,有可能受到危害[6]。在2022年3月31日,有报告指大部分占领切尔诺贝利的俄军在严重污染的红色森林挖掘战壕,随后患上辐射疾病而被迫撤退[7][8]。乌克兰官员允许进入该地点之后,发现了大量在红色森林中挖掘战壕的证据[9][10]。2022年4月1日,《每日电讯报》报导称,一名曾在红色森林长期扎营的俄罗斯士兵死于辐射病[11]

参考资料

  1. ^ "Chernobyl - Part One"页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) publisher=BBC News | Last Updated: Tuesday, 4 April 2006
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 Wildlife defies Chernobyl radiation页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆), by Stefen Mulvey, BBC News April 20, 2006.
  3. ^ Chernobyl's continuing hazards页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆), by Stefen Mulvey, BBC News
  4. ^ Mary Mycio. A Natural History of Chernobyl. Wormwood Forest: A Natural History of Chernobyl. 2005. (原始内容存档于2005-12-14) (英语). 
  5. ^ The Chernobyl nuclear disaster and subsequent creation of a wildlife preserve, Letter to the Editor, Robert J.Baker, Texas Tech University and International Radioecology Laboratory
  6. ^ Reuters. Unprotected Russian soldiers disturbed radioactive dust in Chernobyl's 'Red Forest', workers say. Reuters. 2022-03-29 [2022-03-29]. (原始内容存档于2022-03-29) (英语). 
  7. ^ Dozens of Russian troops ‘fall ill with radiation poisoning’ at Chernobyl. [2022-05-03]. (原始内容存档于2022-03-31). 
  8. ^ Russian Troops Suffer ‘Acute Radiation Sickness’ After Digging Chernobyl Trenches. [2022-05-03]. (原始内容存档于2022-03-31). 
  9. ^ "Ukrainians shocked by 'crazy' scene at Chernobyl after Russian pullout reveals radioactive contamination" by Vasco Cotovio, Frederik Pleitgen, Byron Blunt and Daria Markina, CNN, April 8, 2022.. [2022-05-03]. (原始内容存档于2022-04-12). 
  10. ^ Andrew E. Kramer, "Russian Blunders in Chernobyl: ‘They Came and Did Whatever They Wanted’ ", New York Times, April 8, 2022.. [2022-05-03]. (原始内容存档于2022-06-19). 
  11. ^ Kilner, James. Russian soldier dies from radiation poisoning in Chernobyl. The Telegraph. 2022-04-01 [2022-04-02]. ISSN 0307-1235. (原始内容存档于2022-04-01) (英国英语). 

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红色森林
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