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糖廍

糖廍
糖廍
表记
汉字 糖廍
白话字 Thn̂g-phō͘
台罗拼音Thn̂g-phōo
糖廍

糖廍[注 1],又称为蔗廍,是制糖的场所,也是台湾早期的制糖工厂,由压榨甘蔗的棚屋和煮糖的熬糖屋所构成[1]。其所产的糖为赤糖,即黑糖,这些糖有部分会再经由“糖间”加工成白糖[2]

日本时代新式糖厂出现后,旧式糖廍与改良糖廍皆逐渐没落、消失。2018年在台南市善化区溪美里出土150-160年前糖廍,是目前唯一尚存的完整遗址[3]

源流

糖廍内用以压榨甘蔗的蔗车

台湾旧式糖廍始于何时,史料上很难查考,惟在郑成功在台经营期间糖廍已有输饷课税之举,可知当时已有糖廍之存在。[1]

形式

  • 牛挂廍:由14到40人不等的蔗农组成的糖廍,由各户提供拉石车用牛并以此为基准负担购置机械及各种设备的费用[2]
  • 牛犇廍:与牛挂廍的组织类似,唯人数较少,大约在5到10人,因压榨的原料不足,有时会向其他蔗农收购原料,或接受他人委托制糖[2]
  • 公家廍:以合股方式经营的糖廍,成员依股份比例投入资金经营,其原料以自行购入或接受委托的方式取得[2]
  • 头家廍:由地主或商人独资成立的糖廍,其原料以自行购入或接受委托的方式取得[2]

衍伸地名

糖廍(蔗廍)演变成地名,遍布台湾中南部各地,成为历史见证。包括:

附注

  1. ^ “廍”(台湾闽南语:phōo)指台湾早期的制糖所,非中文古有用字,而是闽粤移民来到台湾后发展出的语词。[a]由于大五码中未收录“廍”字,因此常误作“部”与“廓”。

参考

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 台湾糖业公司页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆):《旧式糖廍溯源及演进》。
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 引用错误:没有为名为的参考文献提供内容
  3. ^ 刘婉君. 台南工地挖出百年糖廍遺跡 建商願配合保存. 自由电子报. 2018-04-10 [2018-04-24]. (原始内容存档于2018-04-25). 
  4. ^ 台湾地名检索系统 互联网档案馆存档,存档日期2011-09-06.,褒忠乡:清朝时期褒忠“得福馆”公馆在此设立大型制糖的糖廍而得名。

外部链接

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糖廍
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