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粗暴求婚

Rough Wooing

幼年的玛丽
日期1543年12月至1551年3月
地点
参战方

 苏格兰王国

 法兰西王国
 英格兰王国
指挥官与领导者
玛丽·德·吉斯 亨利八世
第一代萨默塞特公爵爱德华·西摩
第一代诺森伯兰公爵约翰·达德利

粗暴求婚(Rough Wooing)是1543年12月至1551年3月间苏格兰王国英格兰王国之间爆发的一场战争。英格兰王国的国王亨利八世是战争发起者,他打算借由强迫苏格兰王位继承人玛丽嫁给其子爱德华从而摧毁老同盟、削弱苏格兰的实力并防止法国人入侵。爱德华在1547年(时年9岁)加冕,英格兰在第一代萨默塞特公爵爱德华·西摩的领导下继续发动战争。爱德华·西摩在1549年失势,掌权者如第一代诺森伯兰公爵约翰·达德利开始寻求结束这场花费高昂的战争的途径,1550年战事已经基本平息,随着1551年诺汉姆条约(Treaty of Norham)的签署,战争正式结束。

虽然战争结束了,双方都认为自己并没有战败[1]。这是苏格兰和英格兰王国最后一场大规模军事冲突,随着1603年联合法令的颁布,英格兰和苏格兰的王权同归一人。

命名

苏格兰人又把这场战争叫做“八年战争”或“九年战争”(Nine Years' War)[2]。“Rough Wooing”一词在19世纪后半期才出现[3]

参考文献

  1. ^ Cust, Lionel, 'The Painter HE', 2nd Annual Volume of the Walpole Society, Oxford (1913).
  2. ^ Maitland James, A Narrative of the Minority of Mary Queen of Scots, Ipswich (1842)
  3. ^ Example; 'A Review of Teulet's France & Scotland,' in North British Review, vol.24 (February 1856), 167
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粗暴求婚
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