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粉红椋鸟

粉红椋鸟
科学分类 编辑
界: 动物界 Animalia
门: 脊索动物门 Chordata
纲: 鸟纲 Aves
目: 雀形目 Passeriformes
科: 椋鸟科 Sturnidae
属: 粉红椋鸟属 Pastor
Temminck, 1815
种:
粉红椋鸟 P. roseus
双名法
Pastor roseus
(Linnaeus, 1758)
物种分布范围
  繁殖区
  非繁殖区
异名
  • Turdus roseus Linnaeus, 1758
  • Sturnus roseus (Linnaeus, 1758)
  • Sturnus asiaticus Wirsing
  • Nomadites Bonaparte, 1842

粉红椋鸟学名Pastor roseus,英语:Rosy starlingRose-coloured starling),俗称铁甲兵绯椋鸟,为雀形目椋鸟科粉红椋鸟属Pastor)下唯一的物种。[2]这个物种分布于东欧西伯利亚西亚印度斯里兰卡以及中国大陆新疆甘肃西藏上海等地,常见于开阔耕地、草原等地以及营巢于石堆、洞穴或地面上。[2]

八哥属

丝光椋鸟属

亚洲椋鸟属

长冠八哥属

白脸椋鸟属

斑椋鸟属

北椋鸟属

粉红椋鸟属

肉垂椋鸟属

椋鸟属

2008年所建立的支序图[3][4]

该物种由瑞典博物学家卡尔·林奈于1758年描述,归于鸫属下。[2][5]1815年,荷兰动物学家康拉德·雅各·特明克建立了粉红椋鸟属,是该属下唯一的成员。[6][7]其学名均来自拉丁语,其中属名Pastor来自于同名拉丁语,意指牧羊人;而种加词roseus则意为“玫瑰红色的”。[8]该物种的模式产地在瑞士[9]:727没有其他亚种[2]

粉红椋鸟的体长约21厘米,体重60—88公克,是一种中等椋鸟。[9]:727[10]成鸟眼睛虹膜为深棕色;鸟喙主要为黑色,但视季节有变化;腿脚处呈黄色。[9]:727雄鸟胸、肩至腹部之间呈淡粉红色,其余多呈黑(棕)色;雌鸟则稍黯淡,头部冠羽较短。[9]:727[11]幼鸟整体呈暗沙褐色,喉部白色,下喙淡黄色。[11]鸟喙宽平均约5.2毫米、深平均约6.3毫米、嘴峰长平均约23.0毫米;翼长平均约128.9毫米;跗跖约30.1毫米;尾长约71.0毫米。[10]

粉红椋鸟的卵标本

粉红椋鸟在繁殖季期间以蝗虫蚱蜢为其主要食物,成鸟每天能捕捉三四百只蝗虫,进食数量在120至170只;非繁殖季期间则会食用水果。[9]:727[12]这个物种的繁殖季介于五月至七月之间,采一夫一妻制,主要受到食物供应量决定是否繁殖。[9]:727每次产3—6枚淡蓝色至天蓝色之间的卵,双亲轮流孵化15天左右;约24天后可离巢。[9]:727牠们是迁徙性的鸟类,主要黑海以西至中国大陆西部之间繁殖,在印度和东南阿拉伯半岛之间的区域过冬。[11]

这个物种的整体种群数量约介于45万—200万只之间。[13]其种群数量庞大,虽然分布范围并未被完全确认而趋势不明,但仍不被认为会需要被近一步归类。[13]在《国际自然保护联盟濒危物种红色名录》中,国际鸟盟借此将粉红椋鸟列为无危物种[1][13]

参考资料

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 BirdLife International. Pastor roseus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T22685090A93058776. [2024-05-15]. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22685090A93058776.en可免费查阅. 
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 International Ornithologists' Union. Gill, F.; Donsker, D.; Rasmussen, P. , 编. IOC World Bird List (v14.1). 2024 [2024-01-03] (英语). 
  3. ^ Lovette, Irby J.; McCleery, Brynn V.; Talaba, Amanda L.; Rubenstein, Dustin R. A complete species-level molecular phylogeny for the “Eurasian” starlings (Sturnidae: Sturnus, Acridotheres, and allies): Recent diversification in a highly social and dispersive avian group. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 2008-04-01, 47 (1): 251–260 [2024-05-16]. ISSN 1055-7903. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2008.01.020. 
  4. ^ Zuccon, Dario; Pasquet, Eric; Ericson, Per G. P. Phylogenetic relationships among Palearctic–Oriental starlings and mynas (genera Sturnus and Acridotheres : Sturnidae). Zoologica Scripta. 2008-09, 37 (5): 469–481 [2024-05-16]. ISSN 0300-3256. doi:10.1111/j.1463-6409.2008.00339.x (英语). 
  5. ^ Linnaeus, Carl. Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis 1 10th. Holmiae (Stockholm): Laurentii Salvii. 1758: 170 [2024-05-16] (拉丁语). 
  6. ^ Temminck, Coenraad Jacob. Manuel d'ornithologie, ou, Tableau systèmatique des oiseaux qui se trouvent en Europe 1. Amsterdam & Paris: Chez J.C. Sepp & Fils. 1815: 82 [2024-05-16] (法语). 
  7. ^ H&M4 Checklist family by family. The Turst for Avian Systematics. [2024-05-16] (英语). 
  8. ^ Jobling, James A. The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. 2010: 294, 338 [2024-05-16]. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4 (英语). 
  9. ^ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 9.6 del Hoyo, Josep; Elliott, Andrew; Christie, David A. (编). Handbook of the birds of the world需要免费注册 14. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions. 2009 [2024-05-15]. ISBN 978-84-96553-50-7 (英语). 
  10. ^ 10.0 10.1 Tobias, J. A.; Sheard, C.; Pigot, A. L.; Devenish, A. J. M.; Yang, J.; Sayol, F.; Neate‐Clegg, M. H. C.; Alioravainen, N.; Weeks, T. L.; Barber, R. A.; Walkden, P. A. AVONET: Morphological, Ecological and Geographical Data for all Birds. Ecology Letters. 2022, 25 (3) [2022-08-17]. ISSN 1461-023X. doi:10.1111/ele.13898. (原始内容存档于2022-08-07) (英语). 
  11. ^ 11.0 11.1 11.2 Shirihai, Hadoram; Svensson, Lars. Handbook of Western Palearctic birds. volume 2: Passerines: Flycatchers to Buntings Reprinted with corrections. London Oxford New York New Delhi Sydney: Helm. 2018: 285–288. ISBN 9781472937360 (英语). 
  12. ^ 为鸟让路:粉红椋鸟你了解多少. [2020-02-15]. (原始内容存档于2020-02-15) (中文(中国大陆)). 
  13. ^ 13.0 13.1 13.2 Species factsheet: Rosy Starling (Pastor roseus). BirdLife Data Zone. 2024 [2024-05-16] (英语). 

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粉红椋鸟
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