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第三代战机

苏联米格-25为典型的第三代战机
美国F-4幽灵II型战斗机
驻菲美军的F-4T-33F-5E及菲律宾空军的F-5A克拉克空军基地

第三代战机是1960年代后主要出现的战斗机,其特色为中低空机动灵活性高、配备先进雷达设备、加强导弹应用(例如进行视距外作战(BVR))等。

特征

第三代战斗机出现于1960年代,这个阶段将先前累积的使用经验已经各种试验的结果加以整合。许多高速飞行时的现象和控制问题获得相当程度的解决,高后掠角度的机翼设计已经不受到青睐,三角翼和几何可变机翼与后掠角度小于45度的梯形翼英语Trapezoidal wing成为设计的主流。发动机的输出透过耐高温特殊材料和冷却技术而更上一层楼。雷达与各类航电逐渐成熟与复杂化,机鼻进气口几乎完全被放弃,以配合大型雷达天线的安装需求,而这个需求使得飞机的大小和成本迅速高涨。

第三代战斗机将空对空导弹作为标准武装之一,并且在越战六日战争印巴战争当中使用,这些使用经验对于导弹系统本身多是负面的评价,不过导弹的重要性以及发展的方向逐渐在各国受到重视,打下日后的基础。

前两代的发展当中,单一用途的拦截机战斗轰炸机进展至此,受惠于各项系统的进步,尤其是雷达与航电的功能以及效能,使得第三代的战斗机开始趋向多任务,多用途的路线。此代的战机以F-4F-5MiG-25 为主要代表。

战斗机种

已被取消的机型

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第三代战机
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