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碳酸铵

碳酸铵
IUPAC名
Ammonium carbonate
别名 碳铵
鹿角盐
识别
CAS号 506-87-6  checkY
16799-91-0(一水)  checkY
PubChem 517111
ChemSpider 10048
SMILES
 
  • O=C(O)O.N.N
InChI
 
  • 1/CH2O3.2H3N/c2-1(3)4;;/h(H2,2,3,4);2*1H3
InChIKey PRKQVKDSMLBJBJ-UHFFFAOYAQ
UN编号 3077
IUPHAR配体 4509
性质
化学式 (NH4)2CO3
摩尔质量 96.09 g·mol⁻¹
外观 无色晶体(一水合物)
密度 1.50 g/cm³ (固)
沸点 −0.15 °C(分解)[1]
溶解性 100 g/100cm3(20°C),于热水中分解
结构
晶体结构 正交,Pnma(一水合物,100 K)
危险性
MSDS External MSDS
主要危害 刺激性
相关物质
其他阴离子 硝酸铵硫酸铵
氯化铵
若非注明,所有数据均出自标准状态(25 ℃,100 kPa)下。

碳酸铵俗称碳铵,是碳酸盐正盐,化学式为(NH4)2CO3[2]

市售品

碳酸铵的市售品(CAS号10361-29-2)并非“(NH4)2CO3”,而是碳酸氢铵氨基甲酸铵的混合物。[3]

制备及性质

碳酸铵可由和二氧化碳通入水中制得。

30°C时溶液结晶[来源请求]。具有强烈刺激性气味,它主要用作肥料灭火剂和洗涤剂。

它接触空气时逐渐失去变为碳酸氢铵

在60°C左右即迅速离解为氨、二氧化碳和水。

参见

参考资料

  1. ^ Fortes, A.D.; Wood, I.G.; Alfè, D.; E.R. ndez; Gutmann, M.J.; Sparkes, H.A. Structure, hydrogen bonding and thermal expansion of ammonium carbonate monohydrate. Acta Crystallographica Section B: Structural Science, Crystal Engineering and Materials. 2014-12-01, 70 (6): 948–962 [2021-08-20]. ISSN 2052-5206. doi:10.1107/S205252061402126X. (原始内容存档于2021-08-20). 
  2. ^ Greenwood, N. N.; Earnshaw, A. Chemistry of the Elements 2nd. Oxford:Butterworth-Heinemann. 1997. ISBN 0-7506-3365-4. 
  3. ^ 碳酸铵. 国药集团化学试剂有限公司. [2021-08-20]. (原始内容存档于2021-08-20). 
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碳酸铵
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