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碳粒式麦克风 .
电话里的碳粒式麦克风 碳粒式麦克风 ,有时称作纽扣式麦克风 或碳粒式传声器 ,是一种能将声音转化为电子信号的传感器 ,由两片分开的金属薄片及其之间的碳粒组成。朝外的那块金属薄片作为传导震动片。当声音使薄片振动时,会使其改变对碳粒的压力,会进一步改变两薄片之间的电阻 (挤压碳粒使其更加紧密,因此压力越大薄片间电阻越小)。当在两金属薄片之间施加直流电压,变化的电压会带来电流的变化,这些变化可以通过电话系统传输,或在电子系统中将声音转化成电信号。
在20世纪20年代,真空管 电子放大器开始广泛应用之前,碳粒式麦克风是获得高品质音频信号的唯一实际的方法,被广泛用于电话系统中。它的制造成本低,输出信号强,以及良好的高频输出特性使其非常适用于电话系统,直到20世纪80年代,新安装的电话仍然在使用碳粒式麦克风。在此之前,它们在其他应用领域早已被其他类型的麦克风取代(在绝大多数的西方铜线电话网络中,旧式基于碳粒式麦克风的电话仍在使用未被淘汰)。
碳粒式麦克风曾被广泛应用于早期的调幅无线广播系统中(一般为改进过的电话麦克风),但由于它们有限的响应频率,以及有较高的噪音,遂于19世纪20年代在该领域中被淘汰。接下来的数十年,它们继续被广泛应用于低端播音、军事以及业余无线电应用。[1]
碳粒式麦克风的工作原理。 当声波作用于传导震动片,碳粒被挤压使其更加紧密,它们的电阻随之减少。 发现和发明 发明改进 合资公司
Thomas A. Edison, Inc.
爱迪生与斯旺电力照明公司
Edison Gower-Bell Telephone Company of Europe, Ltd.
爱迪生电灯公司
联合爱迪生
Edison Machine Works
Edison Manufacturing Company
Edison Ore-Milling Company
Edison Portland Cement Company
Edison Records
Edison Storage Battery Company
Edison Studios
通用电气
Motion Picture Patents Company
Mine Safety Appliances
Oriental Telephone Company
纪念碑
Birthplace
Black Maria
Depot Museum
汤玛斯·阿尔瓦·爱迪生纪念塔暨博物馆
National Historical Park
State Park
Storage Battery Company Building
General Electric Research Laboratory
Winter Estates
朋友家庭
Charles Edison (son)
Theodore Miller Edison (son)
电影
Young Tom Edison (1940)
Edison, the Man (1940)
The Wizard of Evergreen Terrace (1998)
电流大战 (2017)
特斯拉 (2020)
文学
The Future Eve (1886)
Edison's Conquest of Mars (1898)
Tales from the Bully Pulpit (2004)
产品
The Execution of Mary Stuart (1895)
The Kiss (1896)
A Night of Terror (1911)
术语
Edisonade
Edisonian approach
相关
Thomas Edison in popular culture
电流战争
Pearl Street Station
Edison Museum
Thomas Edison House
Edison Hotel
Telephonoscope
"Topsy "
爱迪生(新泽西州)
^ Heil, B. The Microphone: A Short Illustrated History. QST , 90(6), 50
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