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发情周期

发情周期,又名动情周期,是雌性有胎盘哺乳类动物拥有的一种经常性生理变化,由身体的性激素所诱导产生。自前一次排卵期至下一次排卵期之间的时间长度称为一个周期。动物体内的各种激素浓度还有动物的生育能力都随发情周期变化。各种动物的发情周期长度不同。

发情周期在性成熟青春期雌性开始出现,至休情期或者怀孕期间暂时停止,直到下一周期开始。这个循环会一直持续,直到死亡。有些动物在发情周期时,阴道会有带血的分泌物,而这些分泌物有时会被误以为是月经。

与月经的分别

哺乳动物之间的生殖系统构造大致相同,包括负责调节的下丘脑系统,定时释放促性腺激素释放激素,使分泌促卵泡激素促黄体激素垂体卵巢本身释放出性激素,包括了雌激素孕激素。然而,物种间的生殖系统在其详细运作上有很大差异。当中的一个分别是:有发情周期的动物在没有怀孕时,会重新吸收子宫内膜;而有月经的动物则会在经期时把子宫内膜排除体外。另一个区别是性活跃期:有发情周期的物种,其雌性通常只在动情阶段时性活跃。与此相反的是:有月经的物种可以在任何时间都保持性活跃,即使未到排卵期。与其他物种不同的是,人类被认为在排卵时,在其外在没有任何明显的信号。这种现象,被称为隐蔽排卵。不过,这种讲法在最近受到一些研究的质疑[1],指她们虽然没有发出外在的信号,然而在思想上往往有较多的性方面的联想[2]

另见

参考资料

  1. ^ Geoffrey Miller; et al. Ovulatory cycle effects on Tip earnings by lap dancers: economic evidence for human estrus? (PDF). Evolution and Human Behaviour. 2007年4月, (28): 375–381 [2010-03-26]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2020-11-12). 
  2. ^ Susan B. Bullivant, Sarah A. Sellergren, Kathleen Stern; et al. Women's sexual experience during the menstrual cycle: identification of the sexual phase by noninvasive measurement of luteinizing hormone. Journal of Sex Research. 2004年2月, 41 (1): 82–93 (网上版本请阅:pp.14–15,18–22) [2010-03-26]. PMID 15216427. (原始内容存档于2007-07-28). 
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发情周期
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