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畸变

散焦（英语：Defocus aberration）
倾斜像差（英语：Tilt (optics)）

畸变（英语：Distortion）是五种基本像差之一，不影响镜头成像精细度。畸变与物像点离光轴的垂直高度的立方成正比，因此，物像四角的畸变比物像的四边的畸变程度大[1]:56。

分类

[编辑]

畸变按其方向可分为桶形畸变和枕形畸变。在摄影中，一般认为广角镜头容易产生桶形畸变，而长焦镜头容易产生枕形畸变。 一个摄影镜头如果反过来做投射镜头，则畸变相反——具有桶状畸变的摄影镜头，用作投射镜头时，将出现枕状畸变；反之，一个有枕状畸变的摄影镜头，用作投射镜头时，将有桶状畸变[1]:57。

  • 桶状畸变
    桶状畸变
  • 枕状畸变
    枕状畸变

参考文献

[编辑]
  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 Warren J. Smith,Modern Optical Engineering, McGraw Hill, 1966
应用光学
原理
像差
透镜
分类
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畸变
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