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生境

生境,是“生活环境”或“生态环境”的简称,按其范围大小排序分为:

  • 群落生境(biotope),又称“生态单元”,是由代表性生物群落所确定的一个生境,在一个生态系统里可划分的空间单位。
  • 栖息地(habitat),又称“生境”、“栖地”、“栖所”,是特定物种生活和生长的地方。
  • 小生境(microhabitat),是生物周围与其发生密切联系的很小范围内的具体生境。没有特定的界限,是一个相对的概念。
  • 生态位(ecological niche,niche),是一物种在其栖息环境中所占据的特定部分或最小的单位。包括生存空间的特性、生活在其中的生物的特性、其本身生活习性。
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生境
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