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瑷珲

àihuī满语ᠠᡳ᠌ᡥᡡᠨ
ᡥᠣᡨ᠋ᠣᠨ
穆麟德转写aihūn hoton)是中国东北黑龙江省黑河市的旧地名,1683至1685年指萨布素在达斡尔族聚居地瑷珲村所建的瑷珲旧城(今格罗杰科沃遗址),1685至1900年指清代在明忽里平寨建立的军事重镇瑷珲新城(正式名称“黑龙江城”),1912至1956年指今黑河市区,2015年起复瑷珲新城所在的黑龙江省黑河市爱辉区瑷珲镇。因中俄《瑷珲条约》在瑷珲新城签订而广为人知。清代时瑷珲为久切尔人聚居地,瑷珲一名为达斡尔语的汉语音译,本意为“可畏”[来源请求]

历史

瑷珲城是15世纪建立的一个中国东北的城镇。瑷珲在清代是黑河副都统府驻地,设有黑龙江城水师营。1858年5月28日,俄罗斯帝国黑龙江将军在这个城镇签订了《瑷珲条约》。1900年俄军大举入侵满洲,不久瑷珲城陷落,被俄军焚毁,原城址只余一颗松树,名为“见证松”。民国时,设置为瑷珲县。瑷珲县驻地改为距古瑷珲以北三十多公里的黑河镇,即为现在的黑河市爱辉区的前身。1956年,在中华人民共和国的简化汉字运动中,“瑷珲县”被视为生僻字地名,改称爱辉县。60年后,2015年5月,为保存历史记忆,爱辉区下辖的爱辉镇名称又被恢复为“瑷珲”。[1]

注释

  1. ^ 存档副本. [2016-01-25]. (原始内容存档于2015-05-21). 
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瑷珲
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