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王舍城

王舍城
Rajgir
王舍城在印度的位置
王舍城
王舍城
在印度的位置
坐标:25°02′N 85°25′E / 25.03°N 85.42°E / 25.03; 85.42
国家 印度
比哈尔
那烂陀
海拔73 米(240 英尺)
人口(2001)
 • 总计33,691人
邮政编码803116
电话区号916112
车辆号牌BR

shè梵语:राजगृह jagha[1][2] “王之寓所”;摩竭陀语:Rājagaha),后取“罗”、“阅”、“揭”三字谐音讹作“罗阅祇”[3][4]印度古城,位于今比哈尔邦那兰达县。是佛教八大圣地之一,为释迦牟尼佛修行的地方。王舍城不仅是佛教圣地,也是耆那教圣地,耆那教创始人摩诃毘罗可能出生于王舍城附近的那烂陀。该城亦在《摩诃婆罗多》中被提及,即妖连英语Jarasandha首都耆利婆罗阇

地理位置

王舍城从前是摩揭陀国的国都。王舍城分为旧城和新城两部分。旧城焚毁后,国王阿阇世新建了豪华的宫殿,所以称为王舍。后来阿阇世迁都波吒厘城后,王舍城逐渐荒废。现在只是一个小城。王舍城位于比哈尔邦。古代佛教著名寺院那烂陀寺南面10公里处,距离菩提伽耶(释迦牟尼成道处)46公里。旧城四周有山,佛经称为“灵山”。

佛教建筑

又称“迦兰陀竹园”(Venuvana)。位于新旧王舍城之间,相传是迦兰陀长者皈依佛陀后献出的竹园。释迦牟尼佛在世时,特别是在冬天,曾长期在此居住。

城东74米处是灵鹫山(Griddhkuta),释迦牟尼佛曾在此宣讲佛法。讲述的经中,包括著名的摩诃般若波罗蜜多心经妙法莲华经。 释迦牟尼逝世后,弟子们曾在此举行第一次结集。

  • 温泉精舍

城西山上有温泉。释迦牟尼佛生前在山上以温泉洗浴。据说温泉内有能治疗皮肤病的矿物质。

注释

  1. ^ 注意:释玄应虽为唐朝人,但此音译明显对应紧喉入声韵或无入声韵的汉语方言。
  2. ^ 《玄应音义》卷3:“罗阅,案阿阇世王经云:罗阅祇,晋言王舍城,以应讹也。正言罗阅揭黎酰,罗阅义是料理,以王代之,谓能料理人民也。揭黎酰,此云舍中,总名王舍城,在摩伽陀国中城名也。”
  3. ^ 《法华文句》卷1:“王舍城者,天竺称罗阅祇伽罗,罗阅祇此云王舍,伽罗此云城。”
  4. ^ 《善见律》卷17:“罗阅城,王舍城,摩竭国。此三义一名异,汉言王舍城。罗阅城是外国音,罗者言王,阅者言舍,故言罗阅城也。摩竭者此是外国音也,摩竭者是初国名耳。”

外部链接

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王舍城
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