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源义家

八幡太郎 源义家
浮世绘画师月冈芳年
日语写法
日语原文源 義家
假名みなもと の よしいえ
平文式罗马字Minamoto no Yoshiie

源义家(1039年—1106年8月4日),日本平安时代后期的著名武将,河内源氏嫡流出身,通称“八幡太郎”或“八幡太郎义家”。源赖义之子、“新罗三郎”源义光之兄。官至正四位下加允昇殿日语昇殿大正年间追赠正三位。

源义家在前九年之役后三年之役中成功镇压了奥州安倍氏日语安倍氏 (奥州)出羽清原氏日语出羽清原氏奥羽俘囚豪族,之后在关东乱事中亦大显神威,被白河法皇誉为“天下第一武勇之士”,其佩剑为“龙丸”,后代今川氏嫡子幼名都取为龙王丸。

源义家致力于士族地位的确保,成为武士的领袖(武家栋梁日语武家棟梁),其言行处事也树立了武士道的典范。但后来由于白河法皇怀疑源义家对奥州怀有野心,加以院政派当权,刻意削弱摄关公卿派及源义家的势力。源义家晚年时起,河内源氏一门内部分裂,河内源氏嫡流势力衰退。

源义家次子义亲是镰仓幕府开创者源赖朝的曾祖父;四子义国日语源義国的次子源义康(即足利义康)是室町幕府开创者足利尊氏的七世祖,而义国的长子源义重(即新田义重)则是江户幕府开创者德川家康宣称的十九世祖(德川家康宣称其三河松平氏源自新田氏分支得川氏)。因此源义家是日本历史上三个幕府政权的最近共同始祖。

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源义家
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