For faster navigation, this Iframe is preloading the Wikiwand page for 海退.

海退

此条目可参照英语维基百科相应条目来扩充。 (2021年10月4日)若您熟悉来源语言和主题,请协助参考外语维基百科扩充条目。请勿直接提交机械翻译,也不要翻译不可靠、低品质内容。依版权协议,译文需在编辑摘要注明来源,或于讨论页顶部标记((Translated page))标签。
地质横剖面显示在海退和海进时,岩相的移动

海退是一种地质事件,在此期间,海平面相对于陆地下降,海底区域暴露在海平面以上。[1]海退通常形成地层的海退序列,沉积物由下至上由细变粗或由碳酸盐岩变为碎屑岩,海相沉积逐渐演变成海陆交互相沉积和陆相沉积。[2]

海退被认为导致或促成了几次大规模灭绝,在地球历史上最大的灭绝事件二叠纪-三叠纪灭绝事件期间,全球海平面下降了250米。在更新世冰期期间,海洋海退和冰川期之间存在着明显的相关性。随着全球冰层和水圈之间的平衡发生变化,地球冰层中的水越多,海洋中的水就越少。在18000年前的最后一个冰河时代的高峰时期,全球海平面比今天低120到130米。大约600万年前的一次小冰期与海退以及地中海盆地墨西拿盐度危机的开始有关。[3]

海退可能与泛大陆的形成有关,所有主要陆块聚集成一个整体可能会促进海退,因为随着各大洲的合并,海盆会略微扩大。然而,这一原因不可能适用于所有甚至许多其他情况。目前尚未对主要海洋海退有明确的解释。根据一种假设,海退可能与海底扩张放缓有关,因为大洋中脊将占用更少的空间。[4]

参考文献

  1. ^ Monroe, James Stewart, and Reed Wicander. Physical Geology: Exploring the Earth. Fifth edition; Thomson Brooks/Cole, 2005; p. 162.
  2. ^ 宋春青. 地质学基础. 高等教育出版社. 1978: 165–166. ISBN 9787116058675 (中文(中国大陆)). 
  3. ^ Courtillot, Vincent. Evolutionary Catastrophes: The Science of Mass Extinction. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1999; p. 89.
  4. ^ Ward, Peter D. Rivers in Time: The Search for Clues to Earth's Mass Extinctions. New York, Columbia University Press, 2000; p. 77.
{{bottomLinkPreText}} {{bottomLinkText}}
海退
Listen to this article

This browser is not supported by Wikiwand :(
Wikiwand requires a browser with modern capabilities in order to provide you with the best reading experience.
Please download and use one of the following browsers:

This article was just edited, click to reload
This article has been deleted on Wikipedia (Why?)

Back to homepage

Please click Add in the dialog above
Please click Allow in the top-left corner,
then click Install Now in the dialog
Please click Open in the download dialog,
then click Install
Please click the "Downloads" icon in the Safari toolbar, open the first download in the list,
then click Install
{{::$root.activation.text}}

Install Wikiwand

Install on Chrome Install on Firefox
Don't forget to rate us

Tell your friends about Wikiwand!

Gmail Facebook Twitter Link

Enjoying Wikiwand?

Tell your friends and spread the love:
Share on Gmail Share on Facebook Share on Twitter Share on Buffer

Our magic isn't perfect

You can help our automatic cover photo selection by reporting an unsuitable photo.

This photo is visually disturbing This photo is not a good choice

Thank you for helping!


Your input will affect cover photo selection, along with input from other users.

X

Get ready for Wikiwand 2.0 🎉! the new version arrives on September 1st! Don't want to wait?