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海蛇属

海蛇属
青环海蛇H. cyanocinctus
科学分类 编辑
界: 动物界 Animalia
门: 脊索动物门 Chordata
纲: 爬行纲 Reptilia
目: 有鳞目 Squamata
亚目: 蛇亚目 Serpentes
科: 眼镜蛇科 Elapidae
亚科: 海蛇亚科 Hydrophiinae
属: 海蛇属 Hydrophis
Latreille In Sonnini & Latreille, 1801

海蛇属(学名:Hydrophis)是蛇亚目眼镜蛇科下的一个有毒蛇属,根据LD50此属下有全球毒性最强的海蛇,遍布印度洋-澳大利亚及东南亚海域,目前共有34个物种已被确认。[1]

物种

目前海蛇属共有34个物种:[1]

物种 学者及命名者 亚种数 地理分布
环纹黑头海蛇 Hydrophis atriceps,Günther, 1864 0 分布于泰国、越南、新加坡、印度尼西亚、菲律宾、澳大利亚北部和新几内亚周围海域
贝尔彻海蛇 Hydrophis belcheri,Gray, 1849 0 分布于印度洋海域
H. bituberculatus Hydrophis bituberculatus,Peters, 1873 0
H. brookii Hydrophis brookii,Günther, 1872 0
青灰海蛇 Hydrophis caerulescens,Shaw, 1802 0
H. cantoris Hydrophis cantoris,Günther, 1864 0
H. coggeri Hydrophis coggeri,Kharin, 1984 0
青环海蛇 Hydrophis cyanocinctus,Daudin, 1803 0
几何海蛇 Hydrophis czeblukovi,Kharin, 1984 0
H. elegans Hydrophis elegans,Gray, 1842 0
环纹海蛇 Hydrophis fasciatus,Schneider, 1799 0
小头海蛇 Hydrophis gracilis,Shaw, 1802 0
平原海蛇 Hydrophis inornatus,Gray, 1849 0
金氏海蛇 Hydrophis kingii,Boulenger, 1896 0
H. klossi Hydrophis klossi,Boulenger, 1912 0
兰伯特海蛇 Hydrophis lamberti,M.A. Smith, 1917 0
波斯湾海蛇 Hydrophis lapemoides,Gray, 1849 0
H. macdowelli Hydrophis macdowelli,Kharin, 1983 0
H. major Hydrophis major,Shaw, 1802 0
H. mamillaris Hydrophis mamillaris,Daudin, 1803 0
黑头海蛇 Hydrophis melanocephalus,Gray, 1849 0
黑环海蛇 Hydrophis melanosoma,Günther, 1864 0
H. nigrocinctus Hydrophis nigrocinctus,Daudin, 1803 0
罗素海蛇 Hydrophis obscurus,Daudin, 1803 0
淡灰海蛇 Hydrophis ornatus,Gray, 1842 1
大头海蛇 Hydrophis pacificus Boulenger, 1896 0
南越海蛇 Hydrophis parviceps M. A. Smith, 1935 0
黄腹海蛇 Hydrophis platurus (Linnaeus, 1766) 0
Hydrophis schistosus Daudin, 1803[2]
加曼海蛇 Hydrophis semperi,Garman, 1881 0 仅分布在菲律宾吕宋岛塔阿尔湖
拉斯姆森海蛇 Hydrophis sibauensis Rasmussen et al., 2001 0
黄海蛇 Hydrophis spiralis Shaw, 1802 0
H. stricticollis Hydrophis stricticollis Günther, 1864 0
H. torquatus Hydrophis torquatus Günther, 1864 2
H. vorisi Hydrophis vorisi Kharin, 1984 0
H. walli Hydrophis walli Kharin, 1989 0

备注

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 Hydrophis. ITIS. 2007 [7 September, 2007]. 
  2. ^ Jenna M. Crowe-Riddell, Edward P. Snelling, Amy P. Watson, Anton Kyuseop Suh, Julian C. Partridge and Kate L. Sanders. 2016. The Evolution of Scale Sensilla in the Transition from Land to Sea in Elapid Snakes. [Royal Society] Open Biology. DOI: 10.1098/rsob.160054

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海蛇属
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