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浮法玻璃

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古老的平面玻璃很少是全平的。

浮法玻璃亦称退火玻璃,世界上约9成的平面玻璃都是使用于1950年代由皮尔金顿玻璃公司的阿士达·皮尔金顿爵士 (Sir Alastair Pilkington) 所发明的浮法玻璃制成;方法是将玻璃熔液倒进一缸熔解的内,玻璃浮上锡面后自然形成两边平滑的表面,慢慢冷却及成长带状离开锡缸。之后经过火打磨便成为接近完全平的玻璃。通常玻璃会以标准的厚度生产,分为2、3、4、5、6、8、10、12、15、19和22毫米。在浮法玻璃发明以前,退火玻璃亦会以吹或卷压法生产。这些方法都难以制成全平的玻璃,除非加以成本很高的机械打磨。

限制

把普通退火玻璃用在建筑上会构成潜在危险,因为当这种玻璃破裂时,会成为大块锋利的碎片,可以造成严重的人员伤亡。多数地方的建筑条例会禁止在玻璃可能被打破的地方使用普通退火玻璃。例如:浴室、玻璃门、落地式玻璃窗、走火通道等等都不可使用这种玻璃。

相关参见

  • 玻璃工艺
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浮法玻璃
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