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活佛受戒典礼

活佛受戒典礼藏传佛教的习俗,活佛僧人七岁应受沙弥戒,二十岁受比丘戒、女僧受沙弥尼戒。活佛受沙弥戒、比丘戒则多是达赖喇嘛、班禅喇嘛、活佛为之受戒,其受戒大典庄严隆重。

喇嘛受戒

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达赖喇嘛沙弥戒在拉萨大昭寺举行。受戒时,必须由摄政活佛命人将贮藏于大昭寺的《显宗龙喜立邦经》请出,放在大昭寺殿前,达赖喇嘛向该经磕头,并献一条五彩哈达。献礼毕,摄政活佛则翻开经文,根据经上所列举的不偷盗、不杀生、不谎骗、不奸淫等三十六条沙弥戒律,向达赖喇嘛作宣讲。达赖喇嘛向该经宣誓,宣誓毕,向摄政活佛献受戒酬礼。达赖喇嘛比丘戒的仪典,是在大昭寺释迦牟尼像前举行。受戒前,先在佛、经典、灵塔前一律上酥油灯和供品。这时,在布达拉宫南木甲札仓的念经喇嘛就开始念预备经。五日后,达赖喇嘛和传授戒律的班禅或佛师再次前往释迦牟尼像前,由班禅或佛师传授二百五十三条比丘戒律。传授时,同时在场的还有补充讲解和询间是否明白戒义的高僧。有十一名念经喇嘛陪同诵经。受戒毕,达赖和传授戒律的班排等一同赴布达拉宫钦昌殿,由拉萨三大寺法台及全体僧俗官员依次向达赖献哈达表示祝贺。

一般活佛受戒

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一般活佛受戒,是由寺院法台或经师主持。当达赖喇嘛或班禅喇嘛受比丘戒时,须由他们互相传授,如果对方尚是童年,在学历上尚不够格,那么便改由拉萨三大寺的高僧或佛师代为传授。受比丘戒仪式与沙弥戒仪式大体相同,但受比丘戒必须经由十位高僧组成的僧伽组施行授戒仪式。

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活佛受戒典礼
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