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波塔瓦托米人

波塔瓦托米人,1920年摄

波塔瓦托米人波塔瓦托米语英语Potawatomi languageBodéwademi;奥吉布瓦语:Boodewaadamii;英语:Potawatomi/pɒtəˈwɒtəmi/),是阿尼什那贝三火议会英语Council of Three Fires中负责留存火种的民系。该民系在草甸草坪接近林区的土地上农耕,时常放火烧荒,波塔瓦托米语中表达大草甸的“mshkode”一词字面上即是“烧掉的地方”之义。波塔瓦托米人在教育子女时强调“七条爷爷的教诲”,即智慧、尊重、爱、诚实、谦卑、勇敢以及对待世间众生的真诚。[1]波塔瓦托米人居住于维格沃姆中,夏季定居从事农业生产,冬季游猎叉角羚马鹿野牛兼打鱼。[2]

名称

该民系常直接以民族联盟之名称阿尼什那贝(Neshnabé)自称,而不区分各民系区别。在英语式拼写中其族称有“Pottawatomi”、“Pottawatomie”、“Pottowatomie”等数十种转译方式英语List of Potawatomi ethnonyms。不过在其本族方言中两种拼写是相对稳定的,复数形式则在词尾加k。“波塔瓦托米人”一称的意思是“波代”(Bodé)点火,“瓦德”(-wad-)他们,“米”(-mi)人,即点火的人,保存火种的人。

氏族

在La Chauvignerie (1736)和 Morgan (1877)中记录了波塔瓦托米人的如下图腾(氏族,odoodem)[3]

参注

  1. ^ Humphries, Maria; Verbos, Amy Klemm. A Native American Relational Ethics: An Indigenous Perspective on Teaching Human Responsibility. Journal of Business Ethics. 2014-08-01, 123 (1): 1–9. ISSN 1573-0697. S2CID 143379265. doi:10.1007/s10551-013-1790-3 (英语). 
  2. ^ 大英百科. [2022-01-23]. (原始内容存档于2022-05-06). 
  3. ^ 此处取图腾一词原义,现在图腾一般解作图腾柱(氏族柱)或符号之引申义。
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波塔瓦托米人
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