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沙梨头

沙梨头(葡萄牙语:Patane),澳门一地区名,位于澳门半岛西北部、林茂塘以南,白鸽巢公园以北一带。最初指的是白鸽巢公园所在山丘,因山形或水岸大石形似沙梨而得名。[1]另有一说指头原是“兜”,是疍家人对海湾的称呼。[2]

历史

沙梨头作为聚落,根据耆英一本奏折记载:沙梨头等村居民,“均系世守祖业,并不输纳夷租,相传三百余年,由来已久”。亦即至少自明以来已经有人聚居于此。

至于村名见诸文献,则首见于雍正九年编成的《广东通志》卷三澳门图,而雍正十年广东总督鄂弥达覆奏中也已提到沙梨头。

而沙梨头的葡文名Patane,根据金国平考证,可能源于暹罗北大年[3]。另外葡国人1624年在沙梨头附近的山坡上曾修建炮台,至1640年明政府下令拆除。

交通

清乾隆时期沙梨头有码头,可乘船至石岐。道光《香山县志》西环图中,沙梨头更建有“税馆码头”。另外乾隆《澳门纪略》附图中,已标出“沙梨头门”,在今沙梨头的麻子街、石街附近。到道光时,沙梨头、水坑尾、小三巴三道城门已经堵塞,以阻止华人随意入城。不久沙梨头门经扩建重新开通,称为“新开门”,但使用时间不长,又被堵塞。

街道

同治二年(1863年)澳葡当局越过城墙,占去沙梨头、新桥、沙岗等地,并开始填筑海滩,扩建形成沙梨头海边街。后来的林茂塘,就是在沙梨头海边街旁边建成的。

至1869年已有沙梨头街、沙梨头石级、沙梨头斜巷等街巷。1999年回归前,又建成沙梨头新街、沙梨头南、北街。2003年《澳门特别行政区街道》又有沙梨头海边大马路。

重要地点

参考资料

  1. ^ 澳门杂志,《沙梨头地名说根由》,总89期(2012年9月》。
  2. ^ 袁令轩,《澳门街人》,2016年,页109。
  3. ^ 沙梨頭與北大年. 澳门日报. 2022-12-27. 
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沙梨头
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