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沃尔特·白芝浩

沃尔特·白芝浩

沃尔特·白芝浩Walter Bagehot,1826年2月3日—1877年3月24日),英国商人、散文家、社会学、经济学家。生于英格兰萨摩非特郡兰波特。1848年获伦敦大学硕士,1852年获律师资格。1858年后任《经济学人》杂志主编。代表作《物理学与政治学》强调弱肉强食的普遍性,宣扬了社会达尔文主义的理论,对后来的加布里埃尔·塔尔德等有所影响。在维多利亚时代便注意到了:“在许多时刻,有许多荒谬之人拥有着荒谬之财,而市场上存在着投机以及各种恐慌。”[1]

白芝浩试图在1873年的《伦巴第街:货币市场记述英语Lombard Street: A Description of the Money Market》中解释金融和银行业。[2]他对金融的观察经常被中央银行家引用,尤其是在2007年—2008年环球金融危机之后。在白芝浩的金融观点中,特别重要的是“白芝浩原则”,即在金融危机时期,中央银行应向有偿付能力的储蓄机构自由放贷,但只接受可靠的担保,并以足够高的利率劝阻那些并非真正有需要的借款人。[3]

参考文献

  1. ^ André Fourçans. 《青少年也懂的全球化》. La mondialisation racontée à ma fille(原名) 二版. 台北市: 博雅书屋. 2011-01-22: 31–234 [2001]. ISBN 9789866614965 (中文(台湾)). 
  2. ^ "Bagehot and International Lending". by Professor M. Lipton. The Financial Times (London, England), Tuesday, June 12, 1984; p. 17; edition 29,344.
  3. ^ Paul Tucker, Deputy Governor, Financial Stability, Bank of England, "The Repertoire of Official Sector Interventions in the Financial System: Last Resort Lending, Market-Making, and Capital" 互联网档案馆存档,存档日期20 February 2012., Bank of Japan 2009 International Conference, 27–28 May 2009, p. 5

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沃尔特·白芝浩
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