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汉族四大传统节日 .
北洋政府所订的汉族四大传统节日 ,或中华民国北洋政府时期汉族四大传统节日 [1] 、中国传统四大节日 ,在各地意义不同。一般是指汉族 传统会全家团聚共度的4个节日:春节 (农历新年 )、清明节 、端午节 、中秋节 。但也有加入重阳节 作为五大节日。[2] [3]
春夏秋冬四节
北洋时代 大总统 袁世凯 把四季的主要节日,定为“四节”,即:新春 (春节)、端午节 (夏节)、中秋节 (秋节)、冬至 (冬节)。[4]
内务部 民治司第一科呈 大总统
总长 朱启钤 (盖章)
事由:呈拟规定四节
为呈请事,窃自新邦肇造,阳历纪元所以利国际之交通,定会计之年度,允宜垂为令甲,昭示来兹,但乘时布令,当循世界之大同,而通俗宜民,应从社会之习惯。故日本 维新 以来,改正历法,推行以渐,民间风俗之所关系,悉属因仍未改,春秋佳日,举国嬉嬉,或修祓禊,或隆报飨,岁时景物,犹见唐风,良以征引故事,点缀承平,不但为经济之节宣,且可助精神之活泼。我国旧俗,每于四时令节,游观祈献,比户同风,固由作息之常情,亦关人民之生计。本部风俗,衡度民时,以为对于此类习惯,警察 、官吏 未便加以干涉,即应明白规定,俾有率循。拟请:定阴历元旦 为春节,端午 为夏节 ,中秋 为秋节 ,冬至 为冬节 。凡我国民均得休息,在公人员亦准给假一日,本部为顺从民意起见,是否有当?理合呈请 大总统鉴核施行。谨呈
大总统 内务总长
中华民国三年一月二十一日
袁大总统批曰:“据呈已悉,应即照准,此批”。
而后,内务部将此令颁行全国。
内务部训令第 号(另令顺天府尹 ,步军统领 ,警察厅 类同)
中华民国三年一月二十三日
令各省民政长,
新邦肇造,阳历纪元所以利交通而便会计,允宜垂为令甲,其四时令节,关于社会风俗人民生计,本部衡度民时,对于此类习惯,未便干涉,呈明大总统:以阴历元旦为春节,端午为夏节,中秋为秋节,冬至为冬节,国民均得休息,在公人员亦准给假一日,以顺民意,而从习惯等因,奉 大总统批:“据呈已悉,应即照准,此批”。奉此,除电知外,合行抄录原呈,令行该民政查照,并转行各机关知悉,此令。
除清盂九四节
除了民众过的四大节日,还有传统祭祖 的除清盂九四大节日 ,即除夕 (春节)、清明节 (扫墓节)、盂兰节 (中元节)、九九节 [5] (重阳节),这四者合称四大节日[6] [7] 。
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