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饮马长城窟行

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饮马长城窟行》,简称《饮马行》(“饮”,音“yìn”),是中国汉朝期间的一个乐府诗诗题。

题目

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“饮马长城窟”,意思是战士在长城之下驻守,寻找泉窟,以让战马饮水,本为战士艰苦的守边生活写照,后成为民歌。

水寒曲

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建安七子中的陈琳有以本题作诗,俗称《水寒伤马骨》,简称《水寒曲》、《水寒行》,以一对夫妇的对话写成,风格极为接近乐府民歌,充满了反战意识,质朴劲力。

饮马长城窟,水寒伤马骨。往谓长城吏,慎莫稽留太原卒!官作自有程,举筑谐汝声。男儿宁当格斗死,何能怫郁筑长城!

长城何连连,连连三千里。边城多健少,内舍多寡妇。作书与内舍,便嫁莫留住。善待新姑嫜,时时念我故夫子!

报书往边地,君今出语一何鄙?身在祸难中,何为稽留他家子?生男慎莫举,生女哺用脯。君独不见长城下,死人骸骨相撑拄?结发行事君,慊慊心意关。明知边地苦,贱妾何能久自全?

饮马长城窟行(青青河畔草)

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青青河畔草》诉说一名女子与夫婿分离两地的相思之情。《昭明文选》题为“乐府古辞”,作者不详其名。玉台新咏题为蔡邕所作。[1]今日学者认为是经过文人润饰的民歌。

青青河畔草,绵绵思远道。
远道不可思,夙昔梦见之。
梦见在我傍,忽觉在他乡。
他乡各异县,辗转不相见。
枯桑知天风,海水知天寒。
入门各自媚,谁肯相为言。
客从远方来,遗我双鲤鱼。
呼儿烹鲤鱼,中有尺素书。
长跪读素书,书中竟何如。
上言加餐食,下言长相忆。

参考文献

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注释

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  1. ^ 徐陵. 玉臺新詠 十卷. 上海市: 中华书局. 1920: 18. 
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饮马长城窟行
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