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毛虫

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长有螫毛的一种毛虫
金凤蝶Papilio machaon)的腹脚
外骨骼骨骼在外表

毛虫也叫毛毛虫,是鳞翅目昆虫()的幼虫。虽然牠们称为“毛虫”,但不是每个种的毛虫都有。有些表面光滑,也有些长有肉角,还有些长有臭角。毛虫有三对前足,腹部和尾部大多有五对伪足[1]。到变态成虫时只保留三对前足。毛虫有别于蛾的幼虫—蚕,两者在发育过程有所不同,蚕会以蚕丝结成的“茧”包覆住蛹,但毛虫没有这类行为。

有些毛虫长有假眼或是色彩鲜明的花纹,可以吓退想吃了牠们的动物

毛虫是是重要的农业害虫,部分毛虫体表的体刺或刚毛含有毒素。

生长过程

毛虫破而出时被称为一龄虫,长约0.3厘米,之后经过多次蜕皮英语ecdysis,直到变成终龄虫,结,最后破蛹而出变成蝴蝶。

食物

毛虫多以植物叶子为食,不同种类会吃不同的植物。有些吃有毒植物的毛虫会把毒素储存在体内(例如(以凤蝶为例):吃马兜铃科植物的红珠凤蝶、麝凤蝶;属于保育类的黄裳凤蝶、曙凤蝶以及濒危的珠光凤蝶等...),最后成为有毒的蝴蝶或蛾成虫[2];少数一些毛虫会以其他昆虫为食。

天敌

相关

维基共享资源中相关的多媒体资源:
文学作品

参考资料

  1. ^ (台湾)國立自然科學博物館數位典藏-數位展示館-台灣蛾蝶展. [2012-06-12]. (原始内容存档于2012-09-03).  ,“蛾蝶小常识”区:“Q4.毛毛虫有几只脚?”
  2. ^ Dussourd, D. E. "Biparental Defensive Endowment of Eggs with Acquired Plant Alkaloid in the Moth Utetheisa Ornatrix." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 85.16 (1988): 5992-996. Print.
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毛虫
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