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微血管

毛细血管
毛细血管的透射电子显微镜图像,中间有一红细胞。
血液由心脏流向大动脉,再流到小动脉,最后流到更窄的毛细血管,通过组织后,毛细血管变大成为小静脉,然后再成为静脉,将血液输送回心脏。
基本信息
发音美国 /ˈkæpəlɛri/, 英国 /kəˈpɪləri/
系统循环系统
标识字符
拉丁文vas capillare[1]
MeSHD002196
TA98A12.0.00.025
TA23901
THH3.09.02.0.02001
FMAFMA:63194
解剖学术语

微血管(capillary)又称为毛细血管,连接最小的动脉与最小的静脉,是由动脉分支为较小的动脉,再分支多次的血管

微血管是管壁最薄的血管,只有一上皮细胞构成,利于血液与组织细胞之间物质的交换。微血管平均管径为6至9微米,血液流速为主动脉的1/800[2]血压则是居于动脉及静脉之间。

微血管的主要功能在于物质的交换:在肺微血管中,因微血管的氧气浓度小于肺泡中的浓度,氧气透过扩散作用进入微血管中,由红细胞中的血底物运送至体内的组织细胞;而二氧化碳浓度高于肺泡中的浓度,二氧化碳透过扩散作用排出微血管,回到大气。在其他部位的微血管,因微血管中氧气浓度高于组织细胞中的浓度,氧气透过扩散作用进入组织细胞中;而二氧化碳浓度低于组织细胞中的浓度,二氧化碳透过扩散作用进入微血管,送至肺泡排出体外。

相关条目

外部连接

  1. ^ Federative International Committee on Anatomical Terminology. Terminologia Histologica: International Terms for Human Cytology and Histology. Baltimore: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 2008: 87. ISBN 9780781766104. 
  2. ^ 刘卓; 温海霞. 人体器官的使用与维护. 北京: 人民军医出版社. 2014: 16. ISBN 978-7-5091-7335-0. OCLC 910753667. 
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微血管
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