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寒带

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寒带作战中的士兵

寒带分为南寒带,北寒带。南寒带是南极圈(南纬66.5度)以内的区域,北寒带是北极圈(北纬66.5度)以内区域。

南寒带

南寒带南极洲大陆完全被冰覆盖,四周受到极地东风带的强劲吹拂。南寒带气候异常恶劣,保持着地球上的最低温记录和最强风记录。在南极洲植物稀少,仅有苔藓、藻类、地衣和几种显花植物,而且大都生长在南极圈以外的南极半岛。主要集中在南大洋

北寒带

北寒带主要地区是北冰洋,大片的海洋被冰层覆盖,陆地有很多都是冻土,属于冻土带。分布有苔原植物的称为苔原带。即使是夏季北寒带也比较冷。北寒带的植物分布比南寒带略多,有地衣3000多种,苔藓500多种,开花植物有900种。梅勒于是极圈内降水最多的地方,年降水量达2069毫米。

天文

寒带的显著特点是纬度高,由于地球是球体,所以南北极日照角度低。在两极地区还会见到极光,而这些地区的臭氧层有空洞,紫外线辐射严重。

参考文献

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寒带
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