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板蓝根

板蓝根,又称作靛青根蓝靛根大青根蓝根山蓝大靛板蓝,是一种中药材。

中国大陆各地均产。来源为十字花科植物菘蓝Isatis indigotica L.)的根。

由其所制作的颜色称为靛蓝(Indigo)色,此染色方法见于非洲中部、大理扎染等。

南板蓝根为爵床科植物马蓝Baphicacanthus cusia (Nees) Brem.)的根茎及根。目前在台湾多以南板蓝根入药使用。[1]

中药用途

秋季挖根,去掉茎叶,洗净晒干用。形态类似青黛,中药以条长,粗大,体实者为佳。[来源请求]中医认为是板蓝根一味清热解毒,凉血利咽药。性味苦寒,归心、胃经。本草文献《分类草药性》:“解诸毒恶疮,散毒去火,捣汁,或服或涂。” 《北方常用中草药手册》:“利咽喉。”

毒副作用

板蓝根对消化道有刺激作用,有的患者口服板蓝根后有较明显的消化道粘膜刺激症状,表现为胃肠绞痛和消化道出血[2]。有的因服用板蓝根而发生急性溶血性反应,出现黄疸、急性肾功能不全[3]。也有服用板蓝根出现药疹的报道[4]。使用板蓝根注射液导致过敏性休克较常见,并有因此致死的报道[5][6][7]。板蓝根注射液也能导致肾损害[8][9]

在中国大陆,板蓝根已经被广泛的制作成冲剂等中成药,在民间用于治疗感冒,病毒性感染以及传染病流行期间的预防,是一种常用而廉价的非处方药。但其疗效尚未经过全面的临床验证。[10]

事件

2020年10月,钟南山称其团队体外研究发现,白云山复方板蓝根颗粒对SARS-CoV-2有效。受此影响,广州白云山制药A股、H股高涨[11]

参考文献

  1. ^ 台湾传统药典(中华中药典),行政院卫生署。2004:46;111。
  2. ^ 张冰等,中药不良反应概论,北京大学医学出版社,2005:95
  3. ^ 张英从,陕西中医,1997, 18( 11):522
  4. ^ 吴波等,浙江中西医结合杂志,2001,11(1):4
  5. ^ 曹静康等,江苏医药,1997,23(4):229
  6. ^ 孙志红等。苏州医学院学报,1997,17(1):76
  7. ^ 袁菊生,现代应用药学,1991(2):34
  8. ^ 于晓东等,实用儿科临床杂志,1989,4(2):109
  9. ^ 郭越光,甘肃医药,1986,5(4):50
  10. ^ 夏天得感冒慎用清热灵、清开灵、板蓝根. 都市快报. 2013-07-30 [2013-08-06]. (原始内容存档于2013-08-01). 
  11. ^ 钟南山称白云山复方板蓝根对新冠病毒有效 白云山市值飙升100亿. finance.sina.com.cn. 2020-10-16 [2020-10-17]. (原始内容存档于2020-11-25). 

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板蓝根
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