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李清臣

李清臣(1032年—1102年),字邦直(今河北大名西北)人。

生于宋仁宗明道元年(1032年),七岁能读书,日诵数千言。庆历八年(1048年)四月,韩琦移知河北定州,李清臣慕名前往拜访。韩琦赏识李清臣,将侄女嫁给他,成为韩琦的侄女婿。宋神宗熙宁进士,历官翰林学士,尚书左丞。熙宁三年(1070年),为秘书郎。欧阳修欣赏其文,以为风格近于苏轼。作韩琦之行状,神宗读之曰:“良史才也。”为两朝国史编修官。[1]早年韩琦曾上言青苗之弊,李清臣亦不赞成变法。熙宁三年(1070年)三月,司马光借学士院策试李清臣等的机会,将王安石的“三不足”之说作为试题,向变法派发动猛攻。[2]但司马光要废除新法时,李清臣竟强力反对,遂外放真定府(今河北正定)。元祐八年(1093年),李清臣被召回朝廷。绍圣元年(1094年)二月,起用李清臣为门下侍郎,邓温伯为尚书左丞。是年三月,以李清臣为主考官,主持贡举考试。章惇提出将文彦博等反对新法的人流放到岭南,遭李清臣反对。章、李二人因此不和。不久,李清臣出知河南府。宋徽宗初立,入京担任门下侍郎。崇宁元年(1102年)去世。著有《李淇水集》,已佚。传世作品仍有《法原策》,其中仿照孟子,提出“法为贵,君为次之”等说法,即“法立而天下之心定而治道毕矣。法为贵,君位次之。法坏则民亡,民亡则君如之何其尊且安也?故人主尊法,惧法之不立也,故以身先之”。

注释

  1. ^ 晁补之《鸡肋集》载《资政殿大学士李公行状》称:“忠献韩公薨,公被旨祭奠因为其行状,神宗谓王曰:‘李清臣叙韩琦事,甚典丽,良史才也。’”迁太常博士,召充国史院编修官。
  2. ^ 《司马文集》卷七十三《学士院试李清臣等策目》

参考文献

  • 宋史》卷三二八《李清臣传》
  • 《东都事略》卷98《李清臣传》
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李清臣
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