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李少君.
李少君(?—?),齐(今山东)人,西汉方士。曾向汉武帝建议行辟谷、祠灶、炼丹砂为黄金三事。武帝颇为信任,也相信其最后成仙而去[1]。
参考资料
- ^ 《太平广记 神仙九 李少君》:李少君者,齐人也。汉武帝招募方士。少君于安期先生得神丹炉火之方,家贫,不能办药,谓弟子曰:“老将至矣,而财不足,虽躬耕力作,不足以致办。今天子好道,欲往见之,求为合药,可得恣意。”乃以方上帝,云:“丹砂可成黄金,金成服之升仙。臣常游海上,见安期先生,食枣大如瓜。”天子甚尊敬之,赐遗无数。少君尝与武安侯饮食,座中有一老人。年九十余。少君问其名,乃言曾与老人祖父游夜。明钞本夜作射。见小儿从其祖父,吾故识之。时一座尽惊。又少君见武帝有故铜器,因识之曰:“齐桓公常陈此器于寝座。帝按言观其刻字,果齐之故器也,因知少君是数百岁人矣。视之如五十许人,面色肌肤,甚有光泽,口齿如童子。王公贵人,闻其能令人不死,莫不仰慕,所遗金钱山积。少君乃密作神丹,丹成,谓帝曰:“陛下不能绝骄奢,遣声色,杀伐不止,喜怒不胜,万里有不归之魂,市曹有流血之刑,神丹大道,未可得成。”乃以少药方与帝,少君便称疾。是夜,帝梦与少君俱上嵩高山,半道,有使者乘龙持节云中来,言太乙请少君。帝遂觉,即使人问少君消息,且告近臣曰:“朕昨梦少君舍朕去。”少君乃病困,帝往视之,并使人受其方,事未竟而卒。帝曰:“少君不死,故化去耳。”及敛,忽失尸所在,中表衣悉不解,如蝉蜕也。帝犹增叹,恨求少君不勤也。初少君与朝议郎董仲躬相亲爱。仲躬宿有疾,体枯气少。少君乃与其成药二剂,并其方,用戊巳之草,后土脂,黄精根。兽沈肪。先莠之根,百卉花酿,亥月上旬,合煎铜器中,使童子沐浴洁净,调其汤火。使合成鶏子。三枚为程。服尽一剂,身体便轻;服三剂,齿落更生;五剂,年寿长而不复倾。仲躬为人刚直,博学五经,然不达道术,笑世人服药学道,频上书谏武帝,以为人生则命,衰老有常,非道术所能延。意虽见其有异,将为天性,非术所致,得药竟不服,又不问其方。少君去后数月,仲躬病甚。常闻武帝说前梦。恨惜少君,仲躬忆少君所留药。试服之,未半,乃身体轻壮,其病顿愈;服尽,气力如年少时,乃信有长生不死之道。解官,行求道士,问其方,竟不能悉晓。仲躬唯得发不白,形容盛甚。年八十余乃死。嘱其子道生曰:“我少得少君方药,初不信,事后得力,无能解之,怀恨于黄泉矣。汝可行求人间方术之事,解其方意,长服此药,必度世也。”时有文成将军,亦得少君术。事武帝,帝后遣使诛之,文成谓使者曰:“为吾谢帝,不能忍少日而败大事乎。帝好自爱,后三十年,求我于成山,方共事,不相怨也。”使者还,具言之。帝令发其棺视之,无所见,唯有竹筒一枚。帝疑其弟子窃其尸而藏之,乃收捕。捡问其迹。帝乃大悔诛文成。后复征诸方士。更于甘泉祀太乙,又别设一座祀文成,帝亲执礼焉。
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